{"id":641,"date":"2021-01-19T06:32:33","date_gmt":"2021-01-19T05:32:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/?p=641"},"modified":"2021-04-08T12:01:25","modified_gmt":"2021-04-08T10:01:25","slug":"astrofyzikove-ze-slezske-univerzity-patraji-po-cervich-dirach","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/01\/19\/astrofyzikove-ze-slezske-univerzity-patraji-po-cervich-dirach\/","title":{"rendered":"Astrofyzikov\u00e9 ze Slezsk\u00e9 univerzity p\u00e1traj\u00ed po \u010derv\u00edch d\u00edr\u00e1ch"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Um\u011bleck\u00e1<\/a>
Um\u011bleck\u00e1 p\u0159edstava \u010derv\u00ed d\u00edry. Autor: ESO\/L. Cal\u00e7ada.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ji\u017e v\u00edce jak 85 let se fyzikov\u00e9 domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee ve vesm\u00edru mohou existovat zkratky v\u00a0zak\u0159iven\u00e9m prostoro\u010dase, tzv. \u010derv\u00ed d\u00edry. Tyto hypotetick\u00e9 spojnice dvou vzd\u00e1len\u00fdch m\u00edst ve vesm\u00edru byly nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d desetilet\u00edmi vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny zejm\u00e9na ve v\u011bdecko-fantastick\u00fdch um\u011bleck\u00fdch d\u00edlech, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pak v\u00a0t\u011bch ze sv\u011bta filmov\u00e9 \u010di seri\u00e1lov\u00e9 tvorby. Nyn\u00ed je t\u00fdm v\u011bdc\u016f v\u010detn\u011b prof. Marka Abramowicze, p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edho na Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edm \u00fastavu v\u00a0Opav\u011b, t\u011bmto hypotetick\u00fdm kosmick\u00fdm fenom\u00e9n\u016fm na stop\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e kdy d\u0159\u00edv, a to d\u00edky ned\u00e1vn\u00e9mu slavn\u00e9mu pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00ednu \u010dern\u00e9 d\u00edry v\u00a0galaxii M87.<\/p>\n

Tiskov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fastavu v Opav\u011b z 19. ledna 2021.<\/em><\/p>\n

\"Propojen\u00e9<\/a>
Propojen\u00e9 prostoro\u010dasy vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00edc\u00ed \u010derv\u00ed d\u00edru. Autor: M. Wielgus a kol.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Pojem \u201e\u010derv\u00ed d\u00edra\u201c ozna\u010duje hypotetickou zkratku mezi dv\u011bma m\u00edsty v\u00a0zak\u0159iven\u00e9m prostoro\u010dase. Jako prvn\u00ed jej popsali Albert Einstein (1879-1955) a Nathan Rosen (1909-1995) ve sv\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci ji\u017e v\u00a0roce 1935. Teoreticky m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u010derv\u00ed d\u00edra nejen zkratkou propojuj\u00edc\u00ed dv\u011b vzd\u00e1len\u00e1 m\u00edsta v\u00a0jednom vesm\u00edru, ale dokonce spojnic\u00ed mezi dv\u011bma r\u016fzn\u00fdmi vesm\u00edry. Einsteinova obecn\u00e1 teorie relativity popisuje \u010derv\u00ed d\u00edru jako propojen\u00ed dvou zak\u0159iven\u00fdch prostoro\u010das\u016f, jejich\u017e spojen\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed exotick\u00e1 hmota s\u00a0tzv. negativn\u00ed hustotou energie. Jin\u00e9 fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed teorie (nap\u0159\u00edklad ty zva\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00edce dimenz\u00ed) dokonce v\u016fbec nepova\u017euj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomnost takov\u00e9 exotick\u00e9 hmoty za nutnou.<\/p>\n

\"Slavn\u00fd<\/a>
Slavn\u00fd historicky prvn\u00ed sn\u00edmek st\u00ednu \u010dern\u00e9 d\u00edry a prstence z\u00e1\u0159\u00edc\u00ed hmoty okolo n\u011bj po\u0159\u00edzen\u00fd pomoc\u00ed n\u011bkolika radioteleskop\u016f rozm\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdch po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b v r\u00e1mci projektu EHT (Event Horizon Telescope).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Kdy\u017e astronomov\u00e9 v\u00a0dubnu roku 2019 poprv\u00e9 publikovali sn\u00edmek \u010dern\u00e9 d\u00edry v\u00a0centru galaxie M87, potvrdilo se, \u017ee uprost\u0159ed galaxi\u00ed se nach\u00e1z\u00ed supermasivn\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 d\u00edry a znamenalo to i obrovsk\u00fd skok ve v\u00fdzkumu dal\u0161\u00edch doposud jen hypotetick\u00fdch kosmick\u00fdch objekt\u016f v\u010detn\u011b \u010derv\u00edch d\u011br<\/em>. V\u00a0n\u011bkolika posledn\u00edch letech se proto v\u011bdci v\u011bnovali i popisu toho, jak by takov\u00e1 \u010derv\u00ed d\u00edra vypadala z\u00a0pohledu vzd\u00e1len\u00e9ho pozorovatele, tedy nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed ze Zem\u011b. A po vzniku EHT (Event Horizon Telescope<\/a>) se ukazuje, \u017ee bychom existenci \u010derv\u00edch d\u011br mohli jednou prov\u017edy potvrdit nebo vyvr\u00e1tit.<\/p>\n

Z\u00a0jejich pr\u00e1ce tak\u00e9 vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee za ur\u010dit\u00fdch podm\u00ednek by mohl pozorovatel ze Zem\u011b vid\u011bt hned dva fotonov\u00e9 prstence \u2013 jeden ze \u201esv\u00e9\u201c strany vesm\u00edru, v\u00a0okol\u00ed \u201esv\u00e9ho\u201c konce \u010derv\u00ed d\u00edry, a druh\u00fd z\u00a0toho opa\u010dn\u00e9ho konce. Velmi podstatn\u00fdm momentem by pak mohlo b\u00fdt, kdyby fotony z \u201ena\u0161\u00ed\u201c strany \u010derv\u00ed d\u00edrou procestovaly ve sm\u011bru na jej\u00ed opa\u010dn\u00fd konec, ale d\u00edky tomu, \u017ee by nem\u011bly dostate\u010dnou energii, by se \u201eodrazily\u201c zp\u011bt. T\u00edm by ztratily dost energie a bylo by mo\u017en\u00e9 je jasn\u011b odli\u0161it. Nav\u00edc by d\u00edky rozd\u00edln\u00e9 velikosti fotonov\u00e9ho prstence na druh\u00e9m konci \u010derv\u00ed d\u00edry m\u011bla jejich sv\u011bteln\u00e1 stopa jin\u00fd tvar. Pokud bychom tyto fotony byli schopn\u00ed pozorovat, mohli bychom nejen potvrdit existenci \u010derv\u00edch d\u011br, ale rovnou se dozv\u011bd\u011bt zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 informace o vesm\u00edru na druh\u00e9m konci \u010derv\u00ed d\u00edry<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\"Jak<\/a>
Jak by mohl vypadat v\u00fdsledn\u00fd st\u00edn \u010derv\u00ed d\u00edry spolu s detekovan\u00fdmi fotonov\u00fdmi prstenci. Pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed takov\u00e9hoto obrazce by potvrdilo existenci \u010derv\u00edch d\u011br. Zdroj: Frederic Vincent a kol.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

V\u00a0roce 2021 by se do s\u00edt\u011b p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f v\u00a0projektu EHT m\u011bly p\u0159ipojit dal\u0161\u00ed dv\u011b stanice \u2013 s\u00ed\u0165 radioteleskop\u016f NOEMA ve Francii a 12metrov\u00fd radioteleskop ARO na observato\u0159i Kitt Peak v\u00a0Arizon\u011b. V\u00a0budoucnu je ve h\u0159e um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed radioteleskopu na ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu kolem Zem\u011b, nebo dokonce na povrch M\u011bs\u00edce. M\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed\u00a0radioteleskop\u00a0by mohl b\u00fdt konstruk\u010dn\u00edm unik\u00e1tem \u2013 d\u00edky velk\u00e9 odrazivosti povrchu M\u011bs\u00edce a nep\u0159\u00edtomnosti atmosf\u00e9ry okolo n\u011bj se d\u00e1 vyu\u017e\u00edt nap\u0159. cel\u00e1 plocha kr\u00e1teru. Jeden takov\u00fd projekt je ve f\u00e1zi p\u0159\u00edprav \u2013 LCRT (Lunar Crater Radio Telescope<\/a>).\u00a0 Bude tedy mo\u017en\u00e9 doc\u00edlit detailn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f v\u010detn\u011b mo\u017en\u00e9 detekce k\u00fd\u017een\u00fdch fotonov\u00fdch prstenc\u016f.<\/p>\n

Kontakty a dal\u0161\u00ed informace:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

prof. Marek Abramowicz, Ph.D. <\/strong>(anglicky, polsky)
\nFyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav SU v Opav\u011b<\/em>
\nEmail: marek.abramowicz@physics.slu.cz<\/a><\/p>\n

Bc. Petr Hor\u00e1lek<\/strong>
\nPR v\u00fdstup\u016f evropsk\u00fdch projekt\u016f F\u00da SU v Opav\u011b<\/em>
\nEmail: petr.horalek@slu.cz<\/a>
\nTelefon: +420\u00a0732\u00a0826\u00a0853<\/p>\n

Mgr. Debora Lan\u010dov\u00e1
\n<\/strong>Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav SU v\u00a0Opav\u011b<\/em>
\nEmail: debora.lancova@physics.slu.cz<\/a>
\nTelefon: +420 776 072 756<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>doc. RNDr. Gabriel T\u00f6r\u00f6k, Ph.D.
\n<\/strong>Garant evropsk\u00e9ho projektu HR Award<\/em>
\nEmail: gabriel.torok@physics.cz<\/a>
\nTelefon: +420\u00a0737\u00a0928\u00a0755<\/p>\n

prof. RNDr. Zden\u011bk Stuchl\u00edk, CSc.
\n<\/strong>\u0158editel Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fastavu SU v Opav\u011b<\/em>
\nEmail: zdenek.stuchlik@physics.slu.cz<\/a><\/p>\n

P\u016fvodn\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek (anglicky):<\/strong>
\nhttps:\/\/journals.aps.org\/prd\/abstract\/10.1103\/PhysRevD.102.084044<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ji\u017e v\u00edce jak 85 let se fyzikov\u00e9 domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee ve vesm\u00edru mohou existovat zkratky v\u00a0zak\u0159iven\u00e9m prostoro\u010dase, tzv. \u010derv\u00ed d\u00edry. Tyto hypotetick\u00e9 spojnice dvou vzd\u00e1len\u00fdch m\u00edst ve vesm\u00edru byly nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d desetilet\u00edmi vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny zejm\u00e9na ve v\u011bdecko-fantastick\u00fdch um\u011bleck\u00fdch d\u00edlech, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pak v\u00a0t\u011bch ze sv\u011bta filmov\u00e9 \u010di seri\u00e1lov\u00e9 tvorby. Nyn\u00ed je t\u00fdm v\u011bdc\u016f v\u010detn\u011b prof. Marka Abramowicze, p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edho na Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edm \u00fastavu v\u00a0Opav\u011b, t\u011bmto hypotetick\u00fdm kosmick\u00fdm fenom\u00e9n\u016fm na stop\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e kdy d\u0159\u00edv, a to d\u00edky ned\u00e1vn\u00e9mu slavn\u00e9mu pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00ednu \u010dern\u00e9 d\u00edry v\u00a0galaxii M87.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":642,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","video_url":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[26,29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-641","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktuality","category-vesmir"],"yoast_head":"\nAstrofyzikov\u00e9 ze Slezsk\u00e9 univerzity p\u00e1traj\u00ed po \u010derv\u00edch d\u00edr\u00e1ch - Astro-novinky.eu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/01\/19\/astrofyzikove-ze-slezske-univerzity-patraji-po-cervich-dirach\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Astrofyzikov\u00e9 ze Slezsk\u00e9 univerzity p\u00e1traj\u00ed po \u010derv\u00edch d\u00edr\u00e1ch - Astro-novinky.eu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ji\u017e v\u00edce jak 85 let se fyzikov\u00e9 domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee ve vesm\u00edru mohou existovat zkratky v\u00a0zak\u0159iven\u00e9m prostoro\u010dase, tzv. \u010derv\u00ed d\u00edry. Tyto hypotetick\u00e9 spojnice dvou vzd\u00e1len\u00fdch m\u00edst ve vesm\u00edru byly nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d desetilet\u00edmi vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny zejm\u00e9na ve v\u011bdecko-fantastick\u00fdch um\u011bleck\u00fdch d\u00edlech, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pak v\u00a0t\u011bch ze sv\u011bta filmov\u00e9 \u010di seri\u00e1lov\u00e9 tvorby. Nyn\u00ed je t\u00fdm v\u011bdc\u016f v\u010detn\u011b prof. Marka Abramowicze, p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edho na Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edm \u00fastavu v\u00a0Opav\u011b, t\u011bmto hypotetick\u00fdm kosmick\u00fdm fenom\u00e9n\u016fm na stop\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e kdy d\u0159\u00edv, a to d\u00edky ned\u00e1vn\u00e9mu slavn\u00e9mu pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00ednu \u010dern\u00e9 d\u00edry v\u00a0galaxii M87.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/01\/19\/astrofyzikove-ze-slezske-univerzity-patraji-po-cervich-dirach\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Astro-novinky.eu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/MinutkyZVesmiru\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-01-19T05:32:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-04-08T10:01:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Umelecka_predstava_Cervi_Diry-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Petr Hor\u00e1lek\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Autor\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Petr Hor\u00e1lek\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Predpokladan\u00fd \u010das \u010d\u00edtania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 min\u00fat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.astro-novinky.eu\\\/index.php\\\/2021\\\/01\\\/19\\\/astrofyzikove-ze-slezske-univerzity-patraji-po-cervich-dirach\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.astro-novinky.eu\\\/index.php\\\/2021\\\/01\\\/19\\\/astrofyzikove-ze-slezske-univerzity-patraji-po-cervich-dirach\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Petr Hor\u00e1lek\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.astro-novinky.eu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e08d879aff20f513b69449c64b529e81\"},\"headline\":\"Astrofyzikov\u00e9 ze Slezsk\u00e9 univerzity p\u00e1traj\u00ed po \u010derv\u00edch d\u00edr\u00e1ch\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-19T05:32:33+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-04-08T10:01:25+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.astro-novinky.eu\\\/index.php\\\/2021\\\/01\\\/19\\\/astrofyzikove-ze-slezske-univerzity-patraji-po-cervich-dirach\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":931,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.astro-novinky.eu\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.astro-novinky.eu\\\/index.php\\\/2021\\\/01\\\/19\\\/astrofyzikove-ze-slezske-univerzity-patraji-po-cervich-dirach\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.astro-novinky.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/Umelecka_predstava_Cervi_Diry-scaled.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Aktuality\",\"Vesm\u00edr\"],\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.astro-novinky.eu\\\/index.php\\\/2021\\\/01\\\/19\\\/astrofyzikove-ze-slezske-univerzity-patraji-po-cervich-dirach\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.astro-novinky.eu\\\/index.php\\\/2021\\\/01\\\/19\\\/astrofyzikove-ze-slezske-univerzity-patraji-po-cervich-dirach\\\/\",\"name\":\"Astrofyzikov\u00e9 ze Slezsk\u00e9 univerzity p\u00e1traj\u00ed po \u010derv\u00edch d\u00edr\u00e1ch - 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