{"id":3185,"date":"2025-02-27T09:33:07","date_gmt":"2025-02-27T08:33:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/?p=3185"},"modified":"2025-02-27T10:03:34","modified_gmt":"2025-02-27T09:03:34","slug":"ohrozeni-zeme-planetkou-2024-yr4-zcela-pominulo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2025\/02\/27\/ohrozeni-zeme-planetkou-2024-yr4-zcela-pominulo\/","title":{"rendered":"Ohro\u017een\u00ed Zem\u011b planetkou 2024 YR4 zcela pominulo"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Asteroid<\/a>
Asteroid u Zem\u011b. Zdroj: www.needpix.com.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

V posledn\u00edch t\u00fddnech pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b ji\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd zaznamenal informace o objevu nov\u00e9 planetky pojmenovan\u00e9 2024 YR4, kter\u00e1 se do m\u00e9di\u00ed dostala d\u00edky pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9 sr\u00e1\u017ece se Zem\u00ed v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed dek\u00e1d\u011b. Planetka 2024 YR4 objeven\u00e1 v prosinci minul\u00e9ho roku m\u011bla podle v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f b\u00fdt potenci\u00e1ln\u011b nebezpe\u010dnou u\u017e zhruba za 7 let, tedy v roce 2032. Nov\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ak ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee k sr\u00e1\u017ece t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 jist\u011b nedojde.<\/p>\n

Zpr\u00e1va z Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fastavu v Opav\u011b z 27. \u00fanora 2025.<\/em><\/p>\n

Prvotn\u00ed obavy<\/h4>\n

Tato planetka s velikost\u00ed v rozmez\u00ed 40\u201390 m m\u011bla nenulovou pravd\u011bpodobnost sr\u00e1\u017eky se Zem\u00ed v prosinci roku 2032. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato nenulov\u00e1 pravd\u011bpodobnost vyvolala vlnu medializace, proto\u017ee prvotn\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed nav\u00edc postupn\u011b tuto pravd\u011bpodobnost zvy\u0161ovala. Z po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edch 1,9 % stoupla 18. \u00fanora 2025 pravd\u011bpodobnost sr\u00e1\u017eky se Zem\u00ed na 3,1 %. Planetka tak byla za\u0159azena do 3. kategorie na Tur\u00ednsk\u00e9 stupnici. Tato stupnice slou\u017e\u00ed pro kategorizaci nebezpe\u010d\u00ed dopadu bl\u00edzkozemn\u00edch objekt\u016f jako je pr\u00e1v\u011b 2024 YR4. Za\u0159azen\u00ed v kategorii 3 znamen\u00e1, \u017ee by \u0161lo o bl\u00edzk\u00e9 p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed pozornost astronom\u016f, jeliko\u017e potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eka m\u016f\u017ee vyvolat lok\u00e1ln\u00ed katastrofu.<\/p>\n

Co v\u0161e v\u00edme o planetce 2024 YR4?<\/h4>\n
\"Planetka<\/a>
Planetka 2024 YR4 na teleskopick\u00e9m sn\u00edmku z Nov\u00e9ho Mexika. Zdroj: NASA\/Magdalena Ridge 2.4m telescope\/New Mexico Institute of Technology\/Ryan.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Planetka 2024 YR objevena v prosinci 2024 je vzhledem k jej\u00ed ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze klasifikov\u00e1na jako bl\u00edzkozemn\u00ed objekt (Near Earth Object, NEO). Velikost se odhaduje okolo 40-90 m, p\u0159esn\u011bji stanovena nen\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00ed up\u0159es\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed nejsou nyn\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e1, jeliko\u017e se na sv\u00e9 ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze moment\u00e1ln\u011b vzdaluje od Zem\u011b a pozorovateln\u00e1 bude p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b jen do konce dubna. N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed pak budou moci b\u00fdt provedena a nav\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na ta sou\u010dasn\u00e1 a\u017e v dob\u011b, kdy se planetka na sv\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze za\u010dne op\u011bt p\u0159ibli\u017eovat k Zemi. Takov\u00e9 „okno“ se nab\u00eddne a\u017e od \u010dervna roku 2028.<\/p>\n

Jen lok\u00e1ln\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed<\/h4>\n

Pro stanoven\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed hraje roli p\u0159i sr\u00e1\u017ece se Zem\u00ed i slo\u017een\u00ed planetky. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b nejsou ani velikost ani slo\u017een\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9 dostate\u010dn\u011b p\u0159esn\u011b, nep\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se v\u0161ak, \u017ee by byla planetka tvo\u0159ena kovy, jde sp\u00ed\u0161e o kamenit\u00e9 a prachov\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed. Je zde tedy \u0161ance, \u017ee by mohlo doj\u00edt k jej\u00edmu rozpadu ji\u017e v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e. Pokud by v\u0161ak k rozpadu nedo\u0161lo, p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se tzv. vzdu\u0161n\u00fd v\u00fdbuch. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b by z\u00e1le\u017eelo na m\u00edst\u011b dopadu. Dojde-li k dopadu do oblasti oce\u00e1nu mohlo doj\u00edt ke vzniku tsunami. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee by objekt dopadl do obydlen\u00e9 oblasti, v\u00fd\u0161e \u0161kod by z\u00e1visela na pr\u016fm\u011bru planetky. Pakli\u017ee by dosahoval doln\u00ed p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00e9 hranice, tedy 60 metr\u016f v pr\u016fm\u011bru, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b by do\u0161lo k devastaci v\u0161ech oken a k men\u0161\u00edm \u0161kod\u00e1m na struktu\u0159e budov v oblasti pod v\u00fdbuchem. Jen pro p\u0159edstavu: Podobnou \u0161kodu nap\u00e1chal v roce 2013 dopad \u010celjabinsk\u00e9ho meteoritu<\/a>. Pokud by v\u0161ak ji\u017e \u0161lo o objekt velikost 90 metr\u016f, byly by \u0161kody mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a mohlo by doj\u00edt ke kompletn\u00edmu zni\u010den\u00ed mnoha budov na v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm \u00fazemn\u00edm rozsahu.<\/p>\n

Pravd\u011bpodobnost sr\u00e1\u017eky prakticky nulov\u00e1<\/h4>\n
\"Mo\u017en\u00e9<\/a>
Mo\u017en\u00e9 oblasti dopadu pro planetku 2024 YR4 v roce 2032. Vypracov\u00e1ny jsou na z\u00e1klad\u011b 10 000 vzork\u016f mo\u017en\u00fdch trajektori\u00ed planetky, z nich\u017e 150 prot\u00edn\u00e1 Zemi. Zdroj: b612foundation.org.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Program planet\u00e1rn\u00ed ochrany je jeden zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm by se Zem\u011b mohla s takov\u00fdmito potenci\u00e1ln\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi objekty vyrovnat. V minul\u00fdch letech na z\u00e1klad\u011b tohoto programu prob\u011bhla mise DART<\/a>, kter\u00e1 otestovala, zda je mo\u017en\u00e9 zm\u011bnit trajektorii takov\u00e9hoto objektu. Sou\u010dasn\u011b prob\u00edh\u00e1 navazuj\u00edc\u00ed mise HERA<\/a>. Dle NASA v\u0161ak nen\u00ed pot\u0159eba v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b pot\u0159eba zji\u0161\u0165ovat, jak tento objekt potenci\u00e1ln\u011b vych\u00fdlit, jeliko\u017e je pravd\u011bpodobnost sr\u00e1\u017eky opravdu velmi mal\u00e1<\/strong>. Pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed z noci z 19. na 20. \u00fanora 2025 toti\u017e tuto pravd\u011bpodobnost sr\u00e1\u017eky planetky se Zem\u00ed drasticky sn\u00ed\u017eila, a to na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 0,004 %. Na Tur\u00ednsk\u00e9 stupnici tak do\u0161lo p\u0159esunu klasifikace do kategorie 0 \u2013 pravd\u011bpodobnost sr\u00e1\u017eky lze pova\u017eovat za nulovou.<\/strong><\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee by se pravd\u011bpodobnost sr\u00e1\u017eky se Zem\u00ed op\u011bt zm\u011bnila, jsou vypracov\u00e1ny modely, kter\u00e9 stanovuj\u00ed oblast dopadu (koridor impaktu). Tyto modely se budou nad\u00e1le zp\u0159es\u0148ovat po roce 2028, kdy se bude planetka op\u011bt d\u00e1t l\u00e9pe pozorovat pozemsk\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edstroji. I tak ale v\u011bdci po prvotn\u00edch obav\u00e1ch uklid\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee ke kolizi t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 jist\u011b nakonec nedojde.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed informace je mo\u017eno nal\u00e9zt na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch pro planet\u00e1rn\u00ed ochranu od spole\u010dnosti NASA (https:\/\/blogs.nasa.gov\/planetarydefense\/<\/a>).\u00a0Informace o prom\u011bnliv\u00e9 pravd\u011bpodobnosti planetky 2024 YR4 lze nal\u00e9zt na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch Sentry: Earth Impact Monitoring<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Kontakty a dal\u0161\u00ed informace:<\/h4>\n

Libu\u0161e Magdalena Habrn\u00e1lov\u00e1<\/strong>
\nStudentka F\u00da v Opav\u011b, obor Astronomie a popularizace
\n<\/em>Email: hab0029@slu.cz<\/a><\/p>\n

RNDr. Tom\u00e1\u0161 Gr\u00e1f,\u00a0Ph.D.<\/strong>
\nFyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav SU v\u202fOpav\u011b,\u00a0vedouc\u00ed\u00a0observato\u0159e WHOO! a Unisf\u00e9ry<\/em>
\nEmail:\u00a0tomas.graf@fpf.slu.cz<\/a>
\nTelefon: +420 553 684\u202f548<\/p>\n

Mgr. Petr Hor\u00e1lek<\/strong>
\nPR v\u00fdstup\u016f evropsk\u00fdch projekt\u016f F\u00da SU v\u00a0Opav\u011b<\/em>
\n<\/em>Email: petr.horalek@slu.cz
\n<\/a>Telefon: +420\u00a0732\u00a0826\u00a0853<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroje a doporu\u010den\u00e9 odkazy:<\/h4>\n

[1] Str\u00e1nky NASA: Informace o planetrce 2024 YR4<\/a>
\n[2] B612 Foundation: O potenci\u00e1ln\u00edm nebezpe\u010d\u00ed planetyk 2024 YR4<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V posledn\u00edch t\u00fddnech pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b ji\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd zaznamenal informace o objevu nov\u00e9 planetky pojmenovan\u00e9 2024 YR4, kter\u00e1 se do m\u00e9di\u00ed dostala d\u00edky pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9 sr\u00e1\u017ece se Zem\u00ed v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed dek\u00e1d\u011b. Planetka 2024 YR4 objeven\u00e1 v prosinci minul\u00e9ho roku m\u011bla podle v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f b\u00fdt potenci\u00e1ln\u011b nebezpe\u010dnou u\u017e zhruba za 7 let, tedy v roce 2032. Nov\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ak ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee k sr\u00e1\u017ece t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 jist\u011b nedojde.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":3186,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","video_url":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[26,27,29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3185","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktuality","category-clanky","category-vesmir"],"yoast_head":"\nOhro\u017een\u00ed Zem\u011b planetkou 2024 YR4 zcela pominulo - Astro-novinky.eu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2025\/02\/27\/ohrozeni-zeme-planetkou-2024-yr4-zcela-pominulo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ohro\u017een\u00ed Zem\u011b planetkou 2024 YR4 zcela pominulo - Astro-novinky.eu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"V posledn\u00edch t\u00fddnech pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b ji\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd zaznamenal informace o objevu nov\u00e9 planetky pojmenovan\u00e9 2024 YR4, kter\u00e1 se do m\u00e9di\u00ed dostala d\u00edky pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9 sr\u00e1\u017ece se Zem\u00ed v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed dek\u00e1d\u011b. 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