{"id":3132,"date":"2025-01-09T21:34:33","date_gmt":"2025-01-09T20:34:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/?p=3132"},"modified":"2025-01-09T21:34:33","modified_gmt":"2025-01-09T20:34:33","slug":"v-roce-2024-bylo-z-ceska-a-slovenska-ocima-videt-12-polarnich-zari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2025\/01\/09\/v-roce-2024-bylo-z-ceska-a-slovenska-ocima-videt-12-polarnich-zari\/","title":{"rendered":"V roce 2024 bylo z \u010ceska a Slovenska o\u010dima vid\u011bt 12 pol\u00e1rn\u00edch z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_3133\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3133\" style=\"width: 250px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2024_12_31_All_PZ_Timeline_3600px-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-3133\" src=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2024_12_31_All_PZ_Timeline_3600px-250x300.jpg\" alt=\"Inforgafika: Nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e v roce 2024. Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek\/Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav v Opav\u011b.\" width=\"250\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2024_12_31_All_PZ_Timeline_3600px-250x300.jpg 250w, https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2024_12_31_All_PZ_Timeline_3600px-853x1024.jpg 853w, https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2024_12_31_All_PZ_Timeline_3600px-768x922.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2024_12_31_All_PZ_Timeline_3600px-1280x1536.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2024_12_31_All_PZ_Timeline_3600px-1707x2048.jpg 1707w, https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2024_12_31_All_PZ_Timeline_3600px-1320x1584.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3133\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Inforgafika: Nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e v roce 2024. Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek\/Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav v Opav\u011b.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>V roce 2024 bylo zaznamen\u00e1no <a href=\"http:\/\/ukazy.astro.cz\/polar.php\">v\u00edce ne\u017e 30 pol\u00e1rn\u00edch z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed<\/a> ze st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy, proto\u017ee slune\u010dn\u00ed aktivita sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho slune\u010dn\u00edho cyklu dosahuje sv\u00e9ho maxima. To je zat\u00edm rekordn\u00ed z\u00e1znam z tuzemska a ve velk\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e za tak velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed pol\u00e1rn\u00edch z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed u n\u00e1s stoj\u00ed technick\u00fd pokrok a snaz\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k upozorn\u011bn\u00edm na bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se jev. Asi 12 pol\u00e1rn\u00edch z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed z tohoto v\u00fd\u010dtu bylo pozorovateln\u00fdch i pouh\u00fdm okem. Zaj\u00edmavou inforgafikou na to poukazuje Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav v Opav\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Autorem infografiky je Mgr. Petr Hor\u00e1lek z Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fastavu v Opav\u011b, kter\u00fd v pr\u016fb\u011bhu roku 2024 aktivn\u011b cestoval po \u010cesku a Slovensku za jasn\u00fdm po\u010das\u00edm a 12 o\u010dima viditeln\u00fdch z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed fotograficky zaznamenal. \u201e<em>M\u011bl jsem to \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, \u017ee jsem je zachytil nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d \u010ceskem a Slovenskem zhruba na 50\u00b0 severn\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky. Pro pozorovatele z Evropy se tato zem\u011bpisn\u00e1 \u0161\u00ed\u0159ka pova\u017euje za jakousi magickou, nebo\u0165 definuje tzv. st\u0159edn\u00ed p\u00e1smo. Pokud jsou pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e z t\u011bchto zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch \u0161\u00ed\u0159ek vid\u011bt i o\u010dima, pova\u017euj\u00ed se u\u017e za dost jasn\u00e9<\/em>,\u201c popisuje Hor\u00e1lek.<\/p>\n<p>Sn\u00edmek ukazuje 12 pozorovan\u00fdch pol\u00e1rn\u00edch z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed z roku 2024 v kruhov\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0159ezech. Vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010dasov\u00e1 osa obsahuje kruhov\u00e9 zna\u010dky odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed dat\u016fm zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch pol\u00e1rn\u00edch z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou zobrazeny v kruz\u00edch. V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed kruh znamen\u00e1 lep\u0161\u00ed a del\u0161\u00ed vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed viditelnost. Barvy zna\u010dek a okraj\u016f kruh\u016f tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1zor\u0148uj\u00ed intenzitu pozorovan\u00e9 pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e b\u011bhem doby pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco tmav\u011b oran\u017eov\u00e1 ozna\u010duje aktivn\u00ed geomagnetick\u00e9 bou\u0159e (G2), jasn\u011b oran\u017eov\u00e1 ozna\u010duje siln\u00e9 (a\u017e G3) a \u010derven\u00e1 ozna\u010duje velmi siln\u00e9 a\u017e extr\u00e9mn\u00ed (G4+). \u201e<em>Nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed geomagnetick\u00e9 bou\u0159e 10.\/11. kv\u011btna a 10.\/11. \u0159\u00edjna byly tak\u00e9 nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi za cel\u00fd sou\u010dasn\u00fd cyklus slune\u010dn\u00ed aktivity. Kv\u011btnov\u00e1 geomagnetick\u00e1 bou\u0159e nav\u00edc p\u0159ekonala v\u00edce jak 100let\u00fd rekord \u2013 naposledy v roce 1922 byly tak siln\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159e, \u017ee se daly pozorovat i z exotick\u00fdch krajin jako Namibie, Mexiko nebo Kan\u00e1rsk\u00e9 ostrovy<\/em>,\u201c dopl\u0148uje Hor\u00e1lek.<\/p>\n<p>\u010casov\u00e1 osa tak\u00e9 m\u00edrn\u011b ukazuje na <em>Russell-McPherron\u016fv efekt<\/em>, kter\u00fd zintenziv\u0148uje vhodn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro viditelnost pol\u00e1rn\u00edch z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed b\u011bhem jara a podzimu. <i>\u201eDlouhodob\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed pol\u00e1rn\u00edch z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee bez ohledu na intenzitu slune\u010dn\u00edho v\u011btru nebo eruptivn\u00ed aktivitu Slunce se nej\u010dast\u011bji siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e objevuj\u00ed okolo jarn\u00ed nebo podzimn\u00ed rovnodennosti, p\u0159esn\u011bji v b\u0159eznu nebo v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed a \u0159\u00edjnu,\u201c <\/i>popisuje pracovn\u00edk Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fastavu v Opav\u011b. D\u016fvodem, pro\u010d pr\u00e1v\u011b obdob\u00ed jarn\u00ed a podzimn\u00ed rovnodennosti nahr\u00e1v\u00e1 k pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pol\u00e1rn\u00edch z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, je sklon zemsk\u00e9 osy (a tedy i zemsk\u00e9ho magnetick\u00e9ho pole) v\u016f\u010di slune\u010dn\u00edmu magnetick\u00e9mu poli v t\u011bchto obdob\u00edch.<a href=\"https:\/\/spaceweatherarchive.com\/2019\/03\/19\/springtime-cracks-in-earths-magnetic-field\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Jak vysv\u011btluje Dr. Tony Phillips<\/a>, slune\u010dn\u00ed fyzik z NASA a spr\u00e1vce serveru Spaceweather.com, pr\u00e1v\u011b v obdob\u00edch rovnodennost\u00ed nab\u00fdv\u00e1 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 ru\u0161en\u00ed polarit magnetick\u00e9ho pole ve slune\u010dn\u00edm v\u011btru s polem zemsk\u00e9 magnetosf\u00e9ry, co\u017e v n\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed trhliny propou\u0161t\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00edce nabit\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic. Tento jev je pojmenovan\u00fd podle dvou americk\u00fdch fyzik\u016f Christophera Russella a Roberta McPherrona, kte\u0159\u00ed oslaben\u00ed zemsk\u00e9ho magnetick\u00e9ho pole v obdob\u00edch rovnodennost\u00ed poprv\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1029\/JA078i001p00092\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">popsali v roce 1973.<\/a> Vloni se nejkr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e objevily v kv\u011btnu a v \u0159\u00edjnu. \u201e<em>Na kol\u00e1\u017ei m\u016f\u017eete tak\u00e9 vid\u011bt, \u017ee srpnov\u00e9 pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e se odehr\u00e1ly b\u011bhem meteorick\u00e9ho roje Perseid. To byla opravdov\u00e1 vz\u00e1cnost \u2013 Perseidy v roce 2024 vrcholily za skv\u011bl\u00fdch podm\u00ednek, sv\u00fdm svitem neru\u0161il M\u011bs\u00edc a shodou okolnost\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b t\u0159i noci za sebou v obdob\u00ed maxima roje, od 11. do 13. srpna, se nad severem ukazovaly i pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e<\/em>,\u201c vzpom\u00edn\u00e1 Hor\u00e1lek na vz\u00e1cnou situaci. Dopl\u0148uje, \u017ee symbolicky rok zavr\u0161ila slab\u00e1 pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e viditeln\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b v dob\u011b silvestrovsk\u00fdch oslav, co\u017e je patrn\u00e9 na sn\u00edmku \u00fapln\u011b dole v infografice.<\/p>\n<p>N\u011bkdo si m\u016f\u017ee myslet, \u017ee vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed po\u010det pol\u00e1rn\u00edch z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed znamen\u00e1 nebezpe\u010dn\u011b vysokou slune\u010dn\u00ed aktivitu. Ve skute\u010dnosti je to ale vesm\u011bs norm\u00e1ln\u00ed, za t\u00edm po\u010dtem pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed stoj\u00ed hlavn\u011b mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek varov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00fdch instituc\u00ed NASA a NOAA prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed, aplikac\u00ed pro chytr\u00e9 telefony a webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek o vesm\u00edrn\u00e9m po\u010das\u00ed s vlastn\u00edm varovn\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem. Spolu se st\u00e1le citliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi kamerami chytr\u00fdch telefon\u016f je tak\u00e9 mnohem snaz\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159i zachytit (pokud to po\u010das\u00ed dovol\u00ed). <span class=\"x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x1lliihq x1s928wv xhkezso x1gmr53x x1cpjm7i x1fgarty x1943h6x xudqn12 x3x7a5m x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u x1yc453h\" dir=\"auto\">Sou\u010dasn\u00fd cyklus slune\u010dn\u00ed aktivity by m\u011bl vrcholit pr\u00e1v\u011b letos, tak\u017ee je\u0161t\u011b st\u00e1le m\u016f\u017eeme po\u010d\u00edtat s dal\u0161\u00edmi pol\u00e1rn\u00edmi z\u00e1\u0159emi z na\u0161ich zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch \u0161\u00ed\u0159ek. Jak hodn\u011b to bude \u010detn\u00e9 v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s rokem minul\u00fdm, nelze odhadnout. Abyste o z\u00e1\u0159e nep\u0159i\u0161li, i nad\u00e1le sledujte auror\u00e1ln\u00ed monitory (a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b spolu s nimi f\u00e1zi M\u011bs\u00edce, kter\u00fd sv\u00fdm svitem m\u016f\u017ee slab\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159e p\u0159esv\u00edtit, a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm po\u010das\u00ed).<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"embed-container\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Minutky z vesm\u00edru: Jak nep\u0159ij\u00edt o pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159i?\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/9QvoizfnQAw?feature=oembed\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h4>Kontakty a dal\u0161\u00ed informace:<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Mgr. Petr Hor\u00e1lek<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>PR v\u00fdstup\u016f evropsk\u00fdch projekt\u016f F\u00da SU v Opav\u011b<\/em><br \/>\nEmail: <a href=\"mailto:petr.horalek@slu.cz\">petr.horalek@slu.cz<br \/>\n<\/a>Telefon: +420 732 826\u00a0853<\/p>\n<p><strong>RNDr. Tom\u00e1\u0161 Gr\u00e1f,\u00a0Ph.D.<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav SU v<\/em><em>\u00a0<\/em><em>Opav<\/em><em>\u011b<\/em><em>,<\/em><em>\u00a0<\/em><em>vedouc<\/em><em>\u00ed\u00a0<\/em><em>observato<\/em><em>\u0159<\/em><em>e WHOO!<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0<em>a Unisf\u00e9ry<\/em><br \/>\nEmail:\u00a0<a href=\"mailto:tomas.graf@fpf.slu.cz\">tomas.graf@fpf.slu.cz<\/a><br \/>\nTelefon: +420 734 268 124<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V roce 2024 bylo zaznamen\u00e1no v\u00edce ne\u017e 30 pol\u00e1rn\u00edch z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed ze st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy, proto\u017ee slune\u010dn\u00ed aktivita sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho slune\u010dn\u00edho cyklu dosahuje sv\u00e9ho maxima. To je zat\u00edm rekordn\u00ed z\u00e1znam z tuzemska a ve velk\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e za tak velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed pol\u00e1rn\u00edch z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed u n\u00e1s stoj\u00ed technick\u00fd pokrok a snaz\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k upozorn\u011bn\u00edm na bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se jev. Asi 12 pol\u00e1rn\u00edch z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed z tohoto v\u00fd\u010dtu bylo pozorovateln\u00fdch i pouh\u00fdm okem. Zaj\u00edmavou inforgafikou na to poukazuje Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav v Opav\u011b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":3133,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[26,27,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3132","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktuality","category-clanky","category-ukazy"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>V roce 2024 bylo z \u010ceska a Slovenska o\u010dima vid\u011bt 12 pol\u00e1rn\u00edch z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed - Astro-novinky.eu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2025\/01\/09\/v-roce-2024-bylo-z-ceska-a-slovenska-ocima-videt-12-polarnich-zari\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"V roce 2024 bylo z \u010ceska a Slovenska o\u010dima vid\u011bt 12 pol\u00e1rn\u00edch z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed - Astro-novinky.eu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"V roce 2024 bylo zaznamen\u00e1no v\u00edce ne\u017e 30 pol\u00e1rn\u00edch z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed ze st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy, proto\u017ee slune\u010dn\u00ed aktivita sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho slune\u010dn\u00edho cyklu dosahuje sv\u00e9ho maxima. To je zat\u00edm rekordn\u00ed z\u00e1znam z tuzemska a ve velk\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e za tak velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed pol\u00e1rn\u00edch z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed u n\u00e1s stoj\u00ed technick\u00fd pokrok a snaz\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k upozorn\u011bn\u00edm na bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se jev. Asi 12 pol\u00e1rn\u00edch z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed z tohoto v\u00fd\u010dtu bylo pozorovateln\u00fdch i pouh\u00fdm okem. 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