{"id":2838,"date":"2024-06-10T15:37:48","date_gmt":"2024-06-10T13:37:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/?p=2838"},"modified":"2024-06-10T15:37:48","modified_gmt":"2024-06-10T13:37:48","slug":"slabsi-kometa-olbers-na-vecerni-obloze","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2024\/06\/10\/slabsi-kometa-olbers-na-vecerni-obloze\/","title":{"rendered":"Slab\u0161\u00ed kometa Olbers na ve\u010dern\u00ed obloze"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Sn\u00edmek<\/a>
Sn\u00edmek komety 13P\/Olbers z 31. kv\u011btna 2024. Foto: Dan Bartlett\/Sky&Telescope.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Na letn\u00ed ve\u010dern\u00ed obloze n\u00edzko nad severoz\u00e1padn\u00edm obzorem m\u016f\u017eeme v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch vyhl\u00ed\u017eet periodickou kometu 13P\/Olbers. Kometa se do vnit\u0159n\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy vr\u00e1tila po dlouh\u00fdch 68 letech. D\u00edky sv\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze a \u00fahlov\u011b mal\u00e9mu pohybu po obloze se bude do konce \u010dervence nab\u00edzet prakticky neust\u00e1le ve stejn\u00e9m sm\u011bru i v\u00fd\u0161ce nad obzorem – okolo 23. hodiny ve v\u00fd\u0161ce asi 10\u00b0 nad oblast\u00ed severoz\u00e1padn\u00edho obzoru. Pouh\u00fdma o\u010dima ji nespat\u0159\u00edme, d\u00e1 se v\u0161ak vyhl\u00ed\u017eet u\u017e mal\u00fdmi dalekohledy, nap\u0159\u00edklad triedry, jako rozmazan\u00fd objekt putuj\u00edc\u00ed v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch postupn\u011b nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d souhv\u011bzd\u00edmi Vozky, Ryse, Velk\u00e9 Medv\u011bdice a Mal\u00e9ho Lva.<\/p>\n

Tiskov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fastavu v Opav\u011b z 10. \u010dervna 2024.<\/em><\/p>\n

Mal\u00e1 kometa<\/h4>\n

Kometu objevil p\u0159ed v\u00edce jak 209 lety, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b 6. b\u0159ezna 1815, slavn\u00fd n\u011bmeck\u00fd astronom Heinrich Wilhelm Olbers<\/em> (1758-1840), kter\u00fd se do historie zapsal mimo jin\u00e9 objevem velk\u00fdch planetek Pallas a Vesta v hlavn\u00edm p\u00e1su asteroid\u016f a je rovn\u011b\u017e autorem „Olbersova paradoxu<\/a>“ ukazuj\u00edc\u00edho na rozpor mezi pozorovanou tmavost\u00ed vesm\u00edru i p\u0159es hustotu hv\u011bzd a dal\u0161\u00edch zdroj\u016f sv\u011btla v n\u011bm. Kometu na\u0161el v souhv\u011bzd\u00ed \u017dirafy a o den pozd\u011bji, 7. b\u0159ezna 1815, si jej\u00ed objev potvrdil. Do sv\u00e9ho pozorovatelsk\u00e9ho den\u00edku k n\u00ed jen dodal: „Kometa se pohybuje pomalu sm\u011brem na sever a v\u00fdchod v t\u011blu Persea. Je mal\u00e1 a m\u00e1 \u0161patn\u011b definovan\u00e9 j\u00e1dro a velmi bled\u00fd pr\u016fhledn\u00fd ohon.“<\/i> Toho roku dos\u00e1hla 5. magnitudy, byla tedy jen na hranici viditelnosti pouh\u00fdma o\u010dima.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1vraty o\u010dima velk\u00fdch astronom\u016f<\/h4>\n
\"Heinrich<\/a>
Heinrich Olbers je mimo komety objevitelem i planetek Vesta a Pallas. Zdroj: ESO, Vernazza et. al; NASA\/JPL-Caltech.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Znovu se komety astronomov\u00e9 do\u010dkali v letech 1887 a 1956, v obou p\u0159\u00edpadech nedos\u00e1hla \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 z\u00e1vratn\u00e9 jasnosti. P\u0159esto si z\u00edskala svou pozornost, a to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm d\u00edky potvrzen\u00ed jej\u00ed periody, kter\u00e1 nyn\u00ed \u010din\u00ed zhruba 70 let. Za\u0159adila se tak mezi komety Halleyova typu, jejich\u017e periody jsou mezi 20 a 200 lety. Zaj\u00edmavost\u00ed je, \u017ee p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m jej\u00edm dal\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1vratu ji objevil n\u011bjak\u00fd slavn\u00fd \u201elovec komet\u201c. P\u0159i tom v roce 1887 ji jako prvn\u00ed pozoroval 25. srpna slavn\u00fd americk\u00fd astronom William Robert Brooks<\/em> (1844-1921), spoluobjevitel letos pozorovateln\u00e9 komety 12P\/Pons-Brooks<\/a>. P\u0159i jej\u00edm n\u00e1vratu ve 20. stolet\u00ed ji pro zm\u011bnu objevil nem\u00e9n\u011b slavn\u00fd \u010deskoslovensk\u00fd astronom Anton\u00edn Mrkos<\/em> (1918-1996), a to 4. ledna 1956 jen asi p\u011bt a p\u016fl m\u011bs\u00edce p\u0159ed jej\u00edm pr\u016fletem p\u0159\u00edslun\u00edm (kter\u00e9 nastalo 19. \u010dervna 1956). P\u0159ed leto\u0161n\u00edm p\u0159\u00edslun\u00edm se o jej\u00ed prvn\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed zasadil americk\u00fd astronom Alan Hale<\/em> (nar. 1958), spoluobjevitel pozoruhodn\u011b jasn\u00e9 komety Hale-Bopp z roku 1995. Hale na\u0161el Olbersovu kometu u\u017e 23. srpna 2023, a to na digit\u00e1ln\u00edch sn\u00edmc\u00edch z observato\u0159e Las Cumbres.<\/p>\n

Vyhl\u00ed\u017eejte za soumraku<\/h4>\n

V pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dervna a \u010dervence se kometa bude pohybovat mezi souhv\u011bzd\u00edmi Vozky a Velk\u00e9 medv\u011bdice, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e d\u00edky sv\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze v\u016f\u010di Zemi a Slunci se na obloze bude nach\u00e1zet do konce \u010dervence prakticky st\u00e1le nevysoko nad severoz\u00e1padn\u00ed obzorem. Vyhl\u00ed\u017eet se bude d\u00e1t u\u017e za pokro\u010dil\u00e9ho soumraku p\u0159ed 23. hodinou ve v\u00fd\u0161ce okolo 15\u00b0, za tmy se ale u\u017e bude v\u017edy nach\u00e1zet o dost n\u00ed\u017ee. K jej\u00edm pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed je proto zapot\u0159eb\u00ed vyhledat m\u00edsto s dokonale odkryt\u00fdm severoz\u00e1padn\u00edm obzorem, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v tom sm\u011bru by se na vybran\u00e9m pozorovac\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b nem\u011blo des\u00edtky kilometr\u016f daleko nach\u00e1zet \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 velk\u00e9 m\u011bsto. K vyhled\u00e1n\u00ed je dobr\u00e9 m\u00edt v ruce mapku ukazuj\u00edc\u00ed jej\u00ed p\u0159esnou aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed polohu v\u016f\u010di hv\u011bzd\u00e1m (k nalezen\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad na str\u00e1nce The Sky Live<\/a>). P\u0159\u00edslun\u00edm kometa prolet\u00ed 30. \u010dervna 2024 a jen o den pozd\u011bji dos\u00e1hne maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed jasnosti asi 6,5 magnitudy. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b nebude na ve\u010dern\u00ed obloze ru\u0161it M\u011bs\u00edc, kometa by se tedy m\u011bla d\u00e1t daleko od m\u011bst sledovat mal\u00fdmi dalekohledy relativn\u011b snadn\u011bji (samoz\u0159ejm\u011b pop\u0159eje-li po\u010das\u00ed).<\/p>\n

\"Dr\u00e1ha<\/a>
Dr\u00e1ha komety 13P\/Olbers mezi 10. \u010dervnem a 30. \u010dervencem 2024 nad severoz\u00e1padn\u00edm obzorem. Na spat\u0159en\u00ed komety pot\u0159ebujete mal\u00fd dalekohled. Zdroj: Petr Hor\u00e1lek\/Stellarium\/F\u00da v Opav\u011b.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Znovu se kometa objev\u00ed na obloze a\u017e v roce 2094, a to spolu s nem\u00e9n\u011b zaj\u00edmavou (a letos hojn\u011b pozorovanou) kometou 12P\/Pons-Brooks<\/a>. Rozhodn\u011b se tedy vyplat\u00ed vyt\u00e1hnout triedr a spolu s n\u011bjakou mapkou \u010di aplikac\u00ed v mobilu toto zaj\u00edmavou kometu vyhledat, i kdy\u017e nepat\u0159\u00ed mezi ty mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b jasn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Zdroje a doporu\u010den\u00e9 odkazy:<\/h4>\n

[1] O komet\u011b 13P\/Olbers na Cometography.com<\/a>
\n[2] Kometa 13P\/Olbers (Wiki)<\/a>
\n[3] Heinrich W. M. Olbers (Wiki)<\/a>
\n[4] Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed poloha komety 13P\/Olbers – The Sky Live<\/a>
\n[5] O komet\u011b 13P\/Olbers na str\u00e1nce Seiichi Yoshidy<\/a>
\n[6] O sou\u010dasn\u00e9m n\u00e1vratu komety 13P\/Olbers na Sky&Telescope<\/a><\/p>\n

Kontakty a dal\u0161\u00ed informace:<\/h4>\n

Mgr. Petr Hor\u00e1lek<\/strong>
\nPR v\u00fdstup\u016f evropsk\u00fdch projekt\u016f F\u00da SU v\u00a0Opav\u011b<\/em>
\nautor sn\u00edmku<\/em>
\nEmail: petr.horalek@slu.cz
\n<\/a>Telefon: +420\u00a0732\u00a0826\u00a0853<\/p>\n

RNDr. Tom\u00e1\u0161 Gr\u00e1f,\u00a0Ph.D.<\/strong>
\nFyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav SU v\u202f<\/em>Opav\u011b,\u00a0vedouc\u00ed\u00a0observato\u0159e WHOO! a Unisf\u00e9ry<\/em>
\nEmail:\u00a0tomas.graf@fpf.slu.cz<\/a>
\nTelefon: +420 553 684\u202f548<\/p>\n

Bc. Lucie Dospivov\u00e1<\/strong>
\nRefer\u00e1t pro vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vztahy S\u00da v Opav\u011b<\/em>
\nEmail: lucie.dospivova@physics.slu.cz<\/a>
\nTelefon: +420 553 684\u00a0214<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Na letn\u00ed ve\u010dern\u00ed obloze n\u00edzko nad severoz\u00e1padn\u00edm obzorem m\u016f\u017eeme v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch vyhl\u00ed\u017eet periodickou kometu 13P\/Olbers. Kometa se do vnit\u0159n\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy vr\u00e1tila po dlouh\u00fdch 69 letech. D\u00edky sv\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze a \u00fahlov\u011b mal\u00e9mu pohybu po obloze se bude do konce \u010dervence nab\u00edzet prakticky neust\u00e1le ve stejn\u00e9m sm\u011bru i v\u00fd\u0161ce nad obzorem \u2013 okolo 23. hodiny ve v\u00fd\u0161ce asi 10\u00b0 nad oblast\u00ed severoz\u00e1padn\u00edho obzoru. Pouh\u00fdma o\u010dima ji nespat\u0159\u00edme, d\u00e1 se v\u0161ak vyhl\u00ed\u017eet u\u017e mal\u00fdmi dalekohledy, nap\u0159\u00edklad triedry, jako rozmazan\u00fd objekt putuj\u00edc\u00ed v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch postupn\u011b nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d souhv\u011bzd\u00edmi Vozky, Ryse, Velk\u00e9 M\u011bdv\u011bdice a Mal\u00e9ho Lva.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":2839,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[26,27,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2838","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktuality","category-clanky","category-ukazy"],"yoast_head":"\nSlab\u0161\u00ed kometa Olbers na ve\u010dern\u00ed obloze - Astro-novinky.eu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2024\/06\/10\/slabsi-kometa-olbers-na-vecerni-obloze\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Slab\u0161\u00ed kometa Olbers na ve\u010dern\u00ed obloze - Astro-novinky.eu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Na letn\u00ed ve\u010dern\u00ed obloze n\u00edzko nad severoz\u00e1padn\u00edm obzorem m\u016f\u017eeme v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch vyhl\u00ed\u017eet periodickou kometu 13P\/Olbers. 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