{"id":2305,"date":"2023-03-21T09:48:33","date_gmt":"2023-03-21T08:48:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/?p=2305"},"modified":"2023-06-04T11:25:15","modified_gmt":"2023-06-04T09:25:15","slug":"tvary-aerosolovych-castic-vyrazne-ovplyvnuju-svetelny-smog","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2023\/03\/21\/tvary-aerosolovych-castic-vyrazne-ovplyvnuju-svetelny-smog\/","title":{"rendered":"Tvary aeros\u00f3lov\u00fdch \u010dast\u00edc v\u00fdrazne ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa sveteln\u00fd smog"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Rozlo\u017eenie<\/a>
Rozlo\u017eenie jasu na oblohe v Hammer-Aitoff projekcii z\u00edskan\u00e9 19. j\u00fana 2018 o 1:29 miestneho \u010dasu bl\u00edzko Illmitz, Rak\u00fasko (47\u00b047\u203245″N 16\u00b049\u20327″E). Zdroje svetla vidite\u013en\u00e9 na horizonte s\u00fa zobrazen\u00e9 pozd\u013a\u017e x-osi. Zenit sa nach\u00e1dza v najvy\u0161\u0161om bode 90\u00b0 nad horizontom. Farebn\u00e1 \u0161k\u00e1la nereprezentuje skuto\u010dn\u00fd vizu\u00e1lny vnem, ale bola zvolen\u00e1 za \u00fa\u010delom lep\u0161ieho zobrazenia \u00farovn\u00ed jasu na oblohe. \u00dadaje jasu s\u00fa v logaritmickej mierke. Zdroj: M. Kocifaj<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

V\u00fdskumn\u00edci zo Slovenskej akad\u00e9mie vied vo svojej novej \u0161t\u00fadii uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee tvary aeros\u00f3lov\u00fdch \u010dast\u00edc v\u00a0ovzdu\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrazne ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa sveteln\u00e9 zne\u010distenie. Z\u00edskan\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky uplatnili pri v\u00fdvoji nov\u00e9ho a\u00a0presnej\u0161ieho modelu ur\u010den\u00e9ho na predpovedanie \u00farovne sveteln\u00e9ho smogu. K\u013e\u00fa\u010dovou v\u00fdhodou modelu je jeho \u00fazke prepojenie na vlastnosti atmosf\u00e9ry a\u00a0morfol\u00f3giu \u010dast\u00edc emitovan\u00fdch z\u00a0okolit\u00fdch zdrojov zne\u010distenia. \u0160t\u00fadiu vedcov zo Slovenska uverejnil mimoriadne prest\u00ed\u017eny vedeck\u00fd \u010dasopis Nature Astronomy.<\/em><\/p>\n

Tla\u010dov\u00e1 spr\u00e1va Slovensk\u00e9j akad\u00e9mie vied z 21. marca 2023<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Presvetlenie no\u010dn\u00e9ho prostredia sa st\u00e1va probl\u00e9mom nielen pre \u017eiv\u00e9 organizmy, vr\u00e1tane \u013eud\u00ed, ale aj pre v\u00fdskumn\u00e9 aktivity. Sveteln\u00fd smog komplikuje pr\u00e1cu astron\u00f3mom, s\u0165a\u017euje tie\u017e monitorovanie fyzik\u00e1lnych procesov prebiehaj\u00facich v\u00a0zemskej atmosf\u00e9re a\u00a0mimo nej. Za \u00fa\u010delom zv\u00fd\u0161enia presnosti predpoved\u00ed \u0161\u00edrenia sveteln\u00e9ho zne\u010distenia do okolit\u00e9ho prostredia do\u0161lo v uplynul\u00fdch rokoch na celom svete k rap\u00eddnemu n\u00e1rastu po\u010dtu pozemn\u00fdch stan\u00edc sleduj\u00facich jas no\u010dnej oblohy. V\u00fdskumn\u00fd t\u00edm pod veden\u00edm Miroslava Kocifaja z \u00dastavu stavebn\u00edctva a architekt\u00fary SAV, v. v. i. pri\u0161iel s\u00a0prevratnou \u0161t\u00fadiou, ktor\u00e1 nazna\u010duje, \u017ee s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 predpovedn\u00e9 modely, ktor\u00e9 nezoh\u013ead\u0148uj\u00fa tvar \u010dast\u00edc, m\u00f4\u017eu trpie\u0165 systematickou chybou a\u00a0m\u00f4\u017eu vies\u0165 k\u00a0nespr\u00e1vnej interpret\u00e1cii \u00fadajov z\u00a0t\u00fdchto stan\u00edc.<\/p>\n

\u201eMotiv\u00e1ciou pre tento v\u00fdskum boli na\u0161e ned\u00e1vne zistenia, \u017ee jas no\u010dnej oblohy vypo\u010d\u00edtan\u00fd pomocou nami vyvinut\u00e9ho vysoko presn\u00e9ho numerick\u00e9ho simul\u00e1tora silne z\u00e1vis\u00ed na tvare \u010dast\u00edc, a\u00a0\u017ee tento efekt sa v\u00fdrazne kumuluje pr\u00e1ve v\u00a0okol\u00ed zenitu. To vyvolalo d\u00f4vodn\u00fa pochybnos\u0165 o\u00a0tom, \u010di predpovede s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdch modelov skuto\u010dne reprezentuj\u00fa to, \u010do re\u00e1lne pozorujeme v\u00a0prirodzenom vonkaj\u0161om prostred\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> hovor\u00ed Miroslav Kocifaj.<\/p>\n

Svoju hypot\u00e9zu vedci potvrdili kombin\u00e1ciou teoretickej anal\u00fdzy, numerick\u00e9ho modelovania a\u00a0kontrolovan\u00fdm experimentom. Ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo rozmerov\u00fdch distrib\u00faci\u00ed a tvarov aeros\u00f3lov\u00fdch \u010dast\u00edc, ktor\u00e9 analyzovali preuk\u00e1zalo relat\u00edvne ve\u013ek\u00fd rozsah amplit\u00fad jasu oblohy sp\u00f4soben\u00e9ho pr\u00e1ve aeros\u00f3lmi be\u017ene sa vyskytuj\u00facimi v\u00a0zemskej atmosf\u00e9re.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky v\u00fdskumu, ktor\u00fd vznikol na p\u00f4de SAV a\u00a0prebiehal plne pod veden\u00edm slovensk\u00e9ho t\u00edmu, s\u00fa publikovan\u00e9 v prest\u00ed\u017enom \u010dasopise Nature Astronomy<\/em> (https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41550-023-01916-y<\/a>).<\/p>\n

\u201eDopady tejto pr\u00e1ce s\u00fa z\u00e1sadn\u00e9 pre interpret\u00e1ciu a \u010fal\u0161ie vyu\u017eitie doteraz zhroma\u017eden\u00fdch d\u00e1t z celosvetov\u00fdch monitorovac\u00edch siet\u00ed jasu no\u010dnej oblohy. Pozorovan\u00fd n\u00e1rast jasu no\u010dnej oblohy v\u00a0mnoh\u00fdch lokalit\u00e1ch toti\u017e nemus\u00ed by\u0165 priamo spojen\u00fd s\u00a0n\u00e1rastom sveteln\u00fdch emisi\u00ed z\u00a0miest a obc\u00ed, ale m\u00f4\u017ee s\u00favisie\u0165 s\u00a0vlastnos\u0165ami tuh\u00fdch \u010dast\u00edc vzn\u00e1\u0161aj\u00facich sa v\u00a0ovzdu\u0161\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> zd\u00f4raz\u0148uje ved\u00faci t\u00edmu Dr. Kocifaj.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti, pri rast\u00facom trende antropog\u00e9nnych aktiv\u00edt, bude narasta\u0165 aj v\u00fdznam opatren\u00ed pre zn\u00ed\u017eenie \u00farovn\u00ed sveteln\u00e9ho zne\u010distenia. Preto je spr\u00e1vna interpret\u00e1cia s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9ho stavu a bud\u00faceho v\u00fdvoja k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e1. T\u00edm SAV v\u00fdrazne prispel k dosiahnutiu tohto cie\u013ea.<\/p>\n

Kontakt<\/h4>\n
Katar\u00edna G\u00e1likov\u00e1, PhD.<\/strong><\/div>\n
Veden\u00ed Refer\u00e1tu pre komunik\u00e1ciu a m\u00e9di\u00e1, hovorky\u0148a<\/em>
\n\u00darad Slovenskej akad\u00e9mie vied<\/em><\/div>\n
Email: galikova@up.upsav.sk<\/a>
\nMobil: +421 910 148 104<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdskumn\u00edci zo Slovenskej akad\u00e9mie vied vo svojej novej \u0161t\u00fadii uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee tvary aeros\u00f3lov\u00fdch \u010dast\u00edc v\u00a0ovzdu\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrazne ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa sveteln\u00e9 zne\u010distenie. Z\u00edskan\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky uplatnili pri v\u00fdvoji nov\u00e9ho a\u00a0presnej\u0161ieho modelu ur\u010den\u00e9ho na predpovedanie \u00farovne sveteln\u00e9ho smogu. K\u013e\u00fa\u010dovou v\u00fdhodou modelu je jeho \u00fazke prepojenie na vlastnosti atmosf\u00e9ry a\u00a0morfol\u00f3giu \u010dast\u00edc emitovan\u00fdch z\u00a0okolit\u00fdch zdrojov zne\u010distenia. \u0160t\u00fadiu vedcov zo Slovenska uverejnil mimoriadne prest\u00ed\u017eny vedeck\u00fd \u010dasopis Nature Astronomy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":2308,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[26,27,31,28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2305","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktuality","category-clanky","category-ostatne","category-featured"],"yoast_head":"\nTvary aeros\u00f3lov\u00fdch \u010dast\u00edc v\u00fdrazne ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa sveteln\u00fd smog - Astro-novinky.eu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2023\/03\/21\/tvary-aerosolovych-castic-vyrazne-ovplyvnuju-svetelny-smog\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tvary aeros\u00f3lov\u00fdch \u010dast\u00edc v\u00fdrazne ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa sveteln\u00fd smog - Astro-novinky.eu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"V\u00fdskumn\u00edci zo Slovenskej akad\u00e9mie vied vo svojej novej \u0161t\u00fadii uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee tvary aeros\u00f3lov\u00fdch \u010dast\u00edc v\u00a0ovzdu\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrazne ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa sveteln\u00e9 zne\u010distenie. 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