{"id":1676,"date":"2021-12-24T13:39:28","date_gmt":"2021-12-24T12:39:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/?p=1676"},"modified":"2023-06-04T11:24:17","modified_gmt":"2023-06-04T09:24:17","slug":"pozoruhodne-i-vzacne-nebeske-ukazy-v-roce-2022","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/12\/24\/pozoruhodne-i-vzacne-nebeske-ukazy-v-roce-2022\/","title":{"rendered":"Pozoruhodn\u00e9 i vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 nebesk\u00e9 \u00fakazy v roce 2022"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Meteorick\u00fd<\/a>
Meteorick\u00fd roj Lyrid v roce 2020 nad Se\u010dskou p\u0159ehradou. Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Rok 2021 je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 za n\u00e1mi a jist\u011b v\u00e1m z\u00a0n\u011bho utkv\u011blo n\u011bkolik vzpom\u00ednek na opravdu kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 \u00fakazy na obloze. Vid\u011bli jsme \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce, meteorick\u00fd roj Perseidy, \u010detn\u00e9 konjunkce Jupiteru a Saturnu s\u00a0M\u011bs\u00edcem a neposledn\u011b tak\u00e9 no\u010dn\u00ed sv\u00edt\u00edc\u00ed oblaky. Rok 2022 bude na \u00fakazy je\u0161t\u011b bohat\u0161\u00ed! Pod nebe n\u00e1s nal\u00e1kaj\u00ed \u010detn\u00e9 meteorick\u00e9 roje, je\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce (viditeln\u00e9 nad cel\u00fdm \u010desko-slovensk\u00fdm \u00fazem\u00edm), v\u0161ech 5 planet viditeln\u00fdch pouh\u00fdma o\u010dima najednou a v\u0161e zavr\u0161\u00ed vz\u00e1cn\u00fd z\u00e1kryt planety Mars M\u011bs\u00edcem v\u00a0\u00fapl\u0148ku, a to pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0okam\u017eik nejlep\u0161\u00ed viditelnosti \u201erud\u00e9 planety\u201c. M\u00e1me se tedy opravdu na co t\u011b\u0161it.<\/p>\n

Ve vybran\u00e9m seznamu jsou nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00fakazy, kter\u00e9 by (krom dop\u0159edu nep\u0159edpov\u011bditeln\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje po\u010das\u00ed) m\u011bly m\u00edt vhodn\u00e9 pozorovac\u00ed podm\u00ednky a jsou pozorovateln\u00e9 z\u00a0\u010ceska i Slovenska. V\u00a0roce 2022 (zat\u00edm) neo\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1me \u017e\u00e1dnou mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b jasnou kometu (v\u0161echny p\u0159edpov\u011bzen\u00e9 komet\u00e1rn\u00ed n\u00e1vraty budou pod hranic\u00ed viditelnosti pouh\u00fdm okem), ale nen\u00ed vylou\u010deno, \u017ee se v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu roku objev\u00ed komet\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u0159ekvapen\u00ed, jako tomu bylo s\u00a0kometou NEOWISE z\u00a0\u010dervence 2020. Nov\u00e9 objevy komet lze sledovat nap\u0159\u00edklad na str\u00e1nce Gideona van Buitenena<\/a>. Rovn\u011b\u017e se zved\u00e1 aktivita Slunce, co\u017e by mohlo znamenat zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 \u0161ance na pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e<\/a> viditeln\u00e9 i z\u00a0na\u0161eho \u00fazem\u00ed. Je dobr\u00e9 neust\u00e1le sledovat slune\u010dn\u00ed aktivitu, nap\u0159\u00edklad na SolarHam.net<\/a>. O dal\u0161\u00edch \u00fakazech podrobn\u011b informujeme na progresy.physics.cz<\/a> a www.astro-novinky.eu<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Leden 2022<\/h4>\n

4. ledna: Lednov\u00fd nebesk\u00fd \u201eoh\u0148ostroj\u201c za velmi dobr\u00fdch podm\u00ednek<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Maximum<\/a>
Maximum meteorick\u00e9ho roje Kvadrantid na Oravsk\u00e9 Lesn\u00e9 v roce 2020. Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 pravideln\u011b ka\u017ed\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed rok za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 z astronomick\u00e9ho hlediska jedn\u00edm z nejbohat\u0161\u00edch meteorick\u00fdch roj\u016f \u2013 Kvadrantidami<\/em><\/strong> (nebo t\u00e9\u017e Quadrantidami). Roj je aktivn\u00ed v obdob\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b od 1. do 10. ledna. V mnoha ohledech lze o Kvadrantid\u00e1ch, jejich\u017e mate\u0159sk\u00fdm t\u011blesem je trochu netradi\u010dn\u011b planetka 2003 EH1, hovo\u0159it jako o jednom ze t\u0159\u00ed nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch meteorick\u00fdch roj\u016f cel\u00e9ho roku. Sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o tom p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm hodnota zenitov\u00e9 frekvence ud\u00e1van\u00e1 obvykle \u00fadajem 120 meteor\u016f za hodinu. Naopak v neprosp\u011bch roje hraje kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 trv\u00e1n\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed aktivity roje (zhruba 6 hodin) a obecn\u011b vysok\u00e1 pravd\u011bpodobnost obla\u010dn\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed, znemo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edho pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed oblohy pr\u00e1v\u011b na za\u010d\u00e1tku ledna. A kdy\u017e u\u017e se vy\u010das\u00ed, velice \u010dasto ru\u0161\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edc, kter\u00fd pr\u00e1v\u011b v lednu b\u00fdv\u00e1 dost vysoko nad obzorem (a \u00fapln\u011bk intenzivn\u011b p\u0159ez\u00e1\u0159\u00ed no\u010dn\u00ed oblohu). P\u0159itom p\u0159i dobr\u00e9m po\u010das\u00ed lze re\u00e1ln\u011b po\u010d\u00edtat se spat\u0159en\u00edm kolem 60-80 meteor\u016f roje za hodinu, a to zejm\u00e9na v \u010dasn\u00fdch rann\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch daleko od m\u011bst.<\/p>\n

V roce 2022 nast\u00e1v\u00e1 maximum t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nevhodn\u011bji, jak to jen lze. Vrchol aktivity noci ze 3. na 4. ledna 2022<\/strong> (pond\u011bl\u00ed na \u00fater\u00fd) p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na 21:40 SE\u010c. To se sice bude radiant, nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed se v ji\u017e neexistuj\u00edc\u00edm souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Zedn\u00edho kvadrantu (zru\u0161eno v roce 1922), tedy v dne\u0161n\u00edm souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Past\u00fd\u0159e, nach\u00e1zet n\u00edzko nad severn\u00edm obzorem, ale v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu dal\u0161\u00edch hodin ji\u017e v\u00fdrazn\u011b vystoup\u00e1. Nejlep\u0161\u00ed je tak meteory roje vyhl\u00ed\u017eet po p\u016flnoci a\u017e k rozb\u0159esku. Podstatn\u00e9 je i to, \u017ee v leto\u0161n\u00edm roce bude Kvadrantid\u00e1m p\u0159\u00e1t M\u011bs\u00edc, kter\u00fd je v \u010dase maxima ve f\u00e1zi kr\u00e1tce po novu a nebude tak v\u016fbec pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed ru\u0161it sv\u00fdm svitem. V tomto ohledu maj\u00ed Kvadrantidy maj\u00ed jednozna\u010dn\u011b nejlep\u0161\u00ed podm\u00ednky a\u017e do roku 2025<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u00danor 2022<\/h4>\n

29. ledna \u2013 17. \u00fanora: Planet\u00e1rn\u00ed \u201evla\u0161tovky\u201c za rozb\u0159esku<\/strong><\/p>\n

Na konci ledna a za\u010d\u00e1tku \u00fanora si kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 nebesk\u00e9 p\u0159edstaven\u00ed vychutnaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm \u201erann\u00ed pt\u00e1\u010data\u201c. \u010casn\u011b r\u00e1no, p\u0159ed 7. hodinou rann\u00ed, tedy ji\u017e za rozb\u0159esku, uz\u0159\u00edme trojici v\u00fdrazn\u00fdch planet nizou\u010dko nad jihov\u00fdchodn\u00edm obzorem. Z\u00e1\u0159ivou \u201ejit\u0159enku\u201c Venu\u0161i dopln\u00ed slab\u0161\u00ed Mars a prchav\u00fd Merkur. Je\u0161t\u011b na konci ledna (29. a 30. ledna) se k\u00a0t\u011bles\u016fm p\u0159ipoj\u00ed srpek ustupuj\u00edc\u00edho M\u011bs\u00edce.<\/p>\n

Samotnou trojici planet nejl\u00e9pe uvid\u00edme mezi 13. a 17. \u00fanorem, kdy se planeta Merkur dostane do \u00fahlov\u011b nejvzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00edho bodu od Slunce (do tzv. maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00ed elongace, t\u00e9 dos\u00e1hne 16. \u00fanora). Tehdy planety objev\u00edme nad jihov\u00fdchodem ji\u017e okolo 6:30 r\u00e1no. Viditelnost t\u011bchto planet v\u00a0\u00fahlov\u00e9 bl\u00edzkosti nebude v\u00a0roce 2022 ojedin\u011bl\u00e1. V\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu roku bude mo\u017enost uvid\u011bt v\u0161echny o\u010dima viditeln\u00e9 planety Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy v\u00a0jeden okam\u017eik. Tato konjunkce bude tedy jen jakousi prvn\u00ed \u201evla\u0161tovkou\u201c p\u0159ed\u00a0je\u0161t\u011b p\u011bkn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pod\u00edvanou.<\/p>\n

\"M\u011bs\u00edc<\/a>
M\u011bs\u00edc a planety Venu\u0161e, Mars a Merkur 30. ledna 2022 nad jihov\u00fdchodn\u00edm obzorem okolo 7. hodiny rann\u00ed. Zdroj: P. Hor\u00e1lek\/F\u00da v Opav\u011b\/Stellarium.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Nejt\u011bsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/a>
Nejt\u011bsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed setk\u00e1n\u00ed Venu\u0161e, Merkuru a Marsu na \u00fanorov\u00e9 obloze 13. \u00fanora 2022 nad jihov\u00fdchodem za rozb\u0159esku. Zdroj: P. Hor\u00e1lek\/F\u00da v Opav\u011b\/Stellarium.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

B\u0159ezen 2022<\/h4>\n

T\u0159et\u00ed dek\u00e1da b\u0159ezna: Vyhl\u00ed\u017eejte sv\u011btlo zv\u00ed\u0159etn\u00edku<\/strong><\/p>\n

Posledn\u00ed \u010dtvr\u0165 nast\u00e1v\u00e1 u\u017e 24. b\u0159ezna, tedy kr\u00e1tce po jarn\u00ed rovnodennosti, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e bude mo\u017en\u00e9 na konci b\u0159ezna v\u017edy v\u00a0prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b noci vyhl\u00ed\u017eet<\/strong> \u201eb\u0159eznovou z\u00e1\u0159 pro fajn\u0161mekry\u201c \u2013 tzv. zv\u00ed\u0159etn\u00edkov\u00e9 sv\u011btlo<\/em><\/strong>. To se t\u00e1hne pod\u00e9l ekliptiky (roviny zemsk\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy, kter\u00e1 se na obloze pomysln\u011b prom\u00edt\u00e1 do zv\u00ed\u0159etn\u00edkov\u00fdch souhv\u011bzd\u00ed \u2013 odtud n\u00e1zev) a nejde vlastn\u011b o nic jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e prach v\u00a0okol\u00ed Slunce soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00fd do rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho disku, na kter\u00fd se ze Zem\u011b d\u00edv\u00e1me z\u00a0boku a kter\u00fd rozptyluje slune\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed.\u00a0 V\u00fdznamn\u011b se cel\u00fdm jevem zab\u00fdval astrofyzik Brian May<\/em> (rovn\u011b\u017e kytarista ze skupiny Queen) a ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 studie astronom\u016f d\u00e1le odhalily zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee p\u016fvodcem prachu je mj. i planeta Mars.<\/p>\n

\"Zv\u00ed\u0159etn\u00edkov\u00e9<\/a>
Zv\u00ed\u0159etn\u00edkov\u00e9 sv\u011btlo (sv\u011btl\u00e9 ku\u017eele uprost\u0159ed) na mozaice ze severn\u00ed a ji\u017en\u00ed polokoule.
Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek a Juan Carlos Casado.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Kdy a kde zv\u00ed\u0159etn\u00edkov\u00e9 sv\u011btlo vyhl\u00ed\u017eet?<\/strong> Abyste zv\u00ed\u0159etn\u00edkov\u00e9 sv\u011btlo spat\u0159ili, pot\u0159ebujete k\u00a0tomu opravdu tmav\u00e9 nebe daleko od zdroj\u016f <\/strong>sv\u011bteln\u00e9ho zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/a>.<\/strong> Na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010ceska a Slovenska tak doporu\u010dujeme vyjet n\u011bkam do hor, ide\u00e1ln\u011b do oblast\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00fdch pro men\u0161\u00ed vliv sv\u011bteln\u00e9ho zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, tedy tzv. park\u016f tmav\u00e9 oblohy<\/a>. \u00a0Kdy\u017e zapadne Slunce zapadne, skon\u010d\u00ed soumrak a obloha ztmavne. Tehdy lze nad z\u00e1padn\u00edm obzorem proti hv\u011bzdn\u00e9mu pozad\u00ed naj\u00edt mlhav\u00fd ku\u017eel neostr\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159e. D\u00edky sklonu ekliptiky v\u016f\u010di horizontu se pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0obdob\u00ed rovnodennosti zv\u00ed\u0159etn\u00edkov\u00e9 sv\u011btlo od obzoru nejv\u00edce vykl\u00e1n\u00ed a je tud\u00ed\u017e ve\u010der nejl\u00e9pe vid\u011bt (stejn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky se pak nab\u00edzej\u00ed na z\u00e1\u0159ijov\u00e9 obloze p\u0159ed rozb\u0159eskem). Ku\u017eel se nav\u00edc na konci b\u0159ezna\/po\u010d\u00e1tku dubna na opravdu tmav\u00e9 obloze nese a\u017e k\u00a0hv\u011bzdokup\u011b Plej\u00e1dy a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se slab\u00fdm obloukem zimn\u00ed Ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy pozoruhodnou kompozici, o n\u00ed\u017e se ka\u017ed\u00fdm rokem sna\u017e\u00ed mnoho fotograf\u016f na severn\u00ed zemsk\u00e9 polokouli s\u00a0n\u011bjakou p\u011bknou pozemskou krajinou v\u00a0pop\u0159ed\u00ed. Podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed informace o zv\u00ed\u0159etn\u00edkov\u00e9m sv\u011btle najdete nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku roku 2021<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Duben 2022<\/h4>\n

22.\/23. dubna: Rojen\u00ed meteor\u016f ze souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Lyry<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Meteorick\u00fd<\/a>
Meteorick\u00fd roj Lyrid v roce 2020 nad Se\u010dskou p\u0159ehradou. Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

V z\u00e1v\u011bru dubna n\u00e1s \u010dek\u00e1 tak\u00e9 aktivita 2600 let zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho meteorick\u00e9ho roje Lyridy<\/em><\/strong> (aktivita od 14. do 30. dubna, mate\u0159skou kometou je C\/1861 G1 Thatcher<\/em>). Maximum nast\u00e1v\u00e1 22. dubna ve 21 hodin SEL\u010c a M\u011bs\u00edc bude ve f\u00e1zi kr\u00e1tce p\u0159ed posledn\u00ed \u010dtvrt\u00ed. Pozorovac\u00ed podm\u00ednky budou tedy je\u0161t\u011b relativn\u011b dobr\u00e9. Radiant roje se dost\u00e1v\u00e1 nad severov\u00fdchodn\u00ed obzor a\u017e p\u0159ed 21. hodinou a v pr\u016fb\u011bhu noci stoup\u00e1 do v\u00fd\u0161ky p\u0159esahuj\u00edc\u00ed 60\u00b0 (p\u0159ed sv\u00edt\u00e1n\u00edm). Proto je vhodn\u00e9 i p\u0159es svit M\u011bs\u00edce pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed sm\u011brovat do druh\u00e9 poloviny noci z 22. na 23. dubna, tedy z\u00a0p\u00e1tka na sobotu.<\/strong> P\u0159i predikovan\u00e9m zenitov\u00e9m po\u010dtu 18 meteor\u016f za hodinu se sice nelze t\u011b\u0161it na n\u011bjakou v\u00fdraznou pod\u00edvanou (i kdy\u017e v minulosti ob\u010das roj poskytl i spr\u0161ky a\u017e s 90 meteory za hodinu), ale p\u0159esto t\u011bch p\u00e1r meteor\u016f na jarn\u00edm nebi bude ur\u010dit\u011b st\u00e1t za to! Zkuste si proto v\u00a0noci z 22. na 23 dubna, tedy okolo maxima, ud\u011blat v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed p\u011bkn\u00fd v\u00fdlet do no\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrody a n\u011bjakou tu Lyridu uz\u0159\u00edt \u010di zachytit fotograficky.<\/p>\n

29. dubna: Prchav\u00fd Merkur mezi kr\u00e1sn\u00fdmi hv\u011bzdokupami<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"V\u00fdhled<\/a>
V\u00fdhled k planet\u011b Merkur u hv\u011bzdokupy Plej\u00e1dy 29. dubna 2022 n\u00edzko nad z\u00e1pado-seveorz\u00e1padn\u00edm obzorem. Nedaleko tak\u00e9 uvid\u00edme hv\u011bzdokupu Hy\u00e1dy (ve tvaru p\u00edsmena \u201eV\u201c) s jasnou na\u010dervenalou hv\u011bzdou Alderbaran. Zdroj: P. Hor\u00e1lek\/F\u00da v Opav\u011b\/Stellarium.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Duben 2022 tak\u00e9 nab\u00eddne jeden z\u00a0nejlep\u0161\u00edch pohled\u016f k\u00a0planet\u011b Merkur.<\/strong> Ta se bude nach\u00e1zet v\u00a0nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdchodn\u00ed elongaci se Sluncem, tedy \u00fahlov\u011b nejd\u00e1le od Slunce, 29. dubna 2022<\/strong>. Tehdy planetu najdeme po soumraku velice vysoko v\u00a0souhv\u011bzd\u00ed B\u00fdka, nav\u00edc ve fotogenick\u00e9 \u201espole\u010dnosti\u201c p\u0159ekr\u00e1sn\u00e9 otev\u0159en\u00e9 hv\u011bzdokupy Plej\u00e1dy<\/em>. Nejt\u011bsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pr\u016fchod planety p\u0159ed hv\u011bzdokupou se odehraje mezi 28. a 30. dubnem, vyhl\u00ed\u017eet je t\u0159eba z\u00a0m\u00edsta s\u00a0naprosto odkryt\u00fdm z\u00e1pado-severoz\u00e1padn\u00edm obzorem od 21:10 SEL\u010c. Merkur bude vid\u011bt o\u010dima.<\/p>\n

Kv\u011bten 2022<\/h4>\n

1. kv\u011btna: Velk\u00e1 prvom\u00e1jov\u00e1 konjunkce<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hned na po\u010d\u00e1tku kv\u011btna, na 1. m\u00e1je 2022 \u010dasn\u011b r\u00e1no<\/strong> se nad v\u00fdchodn\u00edm obzorem sch\u00fdl\u00ed k\u00a0velice nezvykl\u00e9 pod\u00edvan\u00e9: Nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed planety Venu\u0161e a Jupiter se setkaj\u00ed \u00fahlov\u011b velice t\u011bsn\u011b bl\u00edzko sebe.<\/strong> Tato \u201evelk\u00e1 konjunkce\u201c bude bohu\u017eel od n\u00e1s vid\u011bt jen n\u00edzko nad obzorem za rozb\u0159esku (planety budou vych\u00e1zet okolo 4:30 SEL\u010c v\u00a0z\u00e1vislosti na m\u00edst\u011b pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed). Od sebe je bude \u00fahlov\u011b d\u011blit vzd\u00e1lenost m\u00e9n\u011b jak 20\u2019, tedy jen dv\u011b t\u0159etiny \u00fahlov\u00e9 velikosti M\u011bs\u00edce v\u00a0\u00fapl\u0148ku. Nejt\u011bsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed bohu\u017eel neuvid\u00edme \u2013 nastane je\u0161t\u011b pod obzorem. I tak to bude ale vz\u00e1cn\u00e1 pod\u00edvan\u00e1; naposledy se k\u00a0tak v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 od n\u00e1s dob\u0159e pozorovateln\u00e9 konjunkci Jupiteru a Venu\u0161e sch\u00fdlilo v\u00a0listopadu 2017 a znovu se takov\u00e9 t\u011bsn\u00e9 konjunkce do\u010dk\u00e1me a\u017e 7. \u00fanora 2032!<\/p>\n

\"Velk\u00e1<\/a>
Velk\u00e1 prvom\u00e1jov\u00e1 konjunkce Jupiteru a Venu\u0161e nad v\u00fdchodn\u00edm obzorem ve 4:40 SEL\u010c. Nedaleko bude tak\u00e9 planeta Mars. Zdroj: P. Hor\u00e1lek\/F\u00da v Opav\u011b\/Stellarium.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

5.\/6. kv\u011btna: Vyhl\u00ed\u017eejte prach z Halleyovy komety<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Eta-Aquaridy<\/a>
Eta-Aquaridy v roce 2013. Foto: Colin Legg.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Zem\u011b proch\u00e1z\u00ed hned dvakr\u00e1t do roka proudem ledo-prachov\u00fdch meteoroid\u016f, kter\u00e9 za sebou zanechala p\u0159i sv\u00e9m pr\u016fletu kolem Slunce ta nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vlasatice ze v\u0161ech: Halleyova kometa<\/em>. <\/strong>Je ironi\u00ed, \u017ee p\u0159i jej\u00edm p\u0159edposledn\u00edm n\u00e1vratu v\u00a0roce 1910 byl tento fakt p\u0159evr\u00e1cen naruby a vynesl skupince lid\u00ed dost velk\u00e9 jm\u011bn\u00ed za roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed popla\u0161n\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy, \u017ee zemsk\u00e1 atmosf\u00e9ra se p\u0159i pr\u016fchodu t\u00edmto proudem otr\u00e1v\u00ed a lid\u00e9 smrteln\u011b onemocn\u00ed, pakli\u017ee nepo\u017eij\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e9k. Meteorick\u00e9 roje ale \u010dlov\u011bka neotr\u00e1v\u00ed, ba naopak. A to plat\u00ed i o roji<\/strong> \u03b7-Aquaridy<\/em><\/strong> (nebo tak\u00e9 Eta-Aquaridy), kter\u00e9 jsou zp\u016fsobeny pr\u00e1v\u011b ledo-prachov\u00fdmi zrnky z\u00a0periodick\u00e9 komety 1P\/Halley. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b v\u00a0noci 5. \/6. kv\u011btna 2022 \u010dasn\u011b r\u00e1no<\/strong> (maximum bude a\u017e po rozb\u0159esku v\u00a010 hodin SEL\u010c, ale nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 ostr\u00e9). Podm\u00ednky jsou tak\u0159ka ide\u00e1ln\u00ed: M\u011bs\u00edc bude ve f\u00e1zi prvn\u00ed \u010dtvrti, kdy meteory je\u0161t\u011b ani nel\u00e9taj\u00ed; smysl m\u00e1 sledovat roj a\u017e od 3. hodiny rann\u00ed a\u017e do rozb\u0159esku.<\/p>\n

Meteory jsou rychl\u00e9 a l\u00e9taj\u00ed v\u00a0nemal\u00e9 \u010detnosti, ale bohu\u017eel sp\u00ed\u0161e nad pozorovateli pobl\u00ed\u017e rovn\u00edku a na ji\u017en\u00ed zemsk\u00e9 polokouli. U n\u00e1s souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Vodn\u00e1\u0159e, v\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e radiant roje le\u017e\u00ed, vych\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00a0druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b noci jen n\u00edzko nad obzor, tak\u017ee m\u016f\u017eeme spat\u0159it v\u0161eho v\u0161udy tak 10 meteor\u016f za hodinu. I tak je to hezk\u00fd dojem, \u017ee zanikaj\u00edc\u00ed ledo-prachov\u00e1 zrnka poch\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0on\u00e9 slavn\u00e9 komety, kter\u00e1 se ke Slunci vr\u00e1t\u00ed a\u017e v\u00a0roce 2062. A co v\u00edc, jak bylo zm\u00edn\u011bno, t\u00edmto proudem Zem\u011b proch\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu roku dvakr\u00e1t. Poprv\u00e9 v\u00a0kv\u011btnu a podruh\u00e9 v\u00a0\u0159\u00edjnu, kdy n\u00e1m zase zp\u016fsobuje meteorick\u00e1 roj Orionid (viz \u0159\u00edjen 2022). Pokud v\u0161ak vydr\u017e\u00edte do \u010dasn\u00fdch rann\u00edch hodin, nab\u00eddne se okolo 4:30 SEL\u010c n\u00edzko nad v\u00fdchodem a\u017e jihov\u00fdchodem je\u0161t\u011b jedna odm\u011bna: velice podmaniv\u00fd v\u00fdhled k\u00a0planet\u00e1rn\u00ed \u201e\u0161\u0148\u016f\u0159e\u201c \u2013 od v\u00fdchodu postupn\u011b identifikujeme planety Venu\u0161i, Jupiter, Mars a Saturn.<\/p>\n

16. kv\u011btna: \u201eSchovan\u00e9\u201c zatm\u011bn\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edce<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9<\/a>
\u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edce. Zdroj: Pixabay (voln\u011b \u0161i\u0159iteln\u00e9 ke komer\u010dn\u00edmu u\u017eit\u00ed).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

V\u00a0pond\u011bl\u00ed 16. kv\u011btna \u010dasn\u011b r\u00e1no uvid\u00edme po dlouh\u00e9 odmlce zatm\u011bn\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edce<\/em>.<\/strong> Zatm\u011bn\u00ed sice bude \u00fapln\u00e9, ale p\u0159i t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi \u00fakazu u\u017e bude M\u011bs\u00edc pod obzorem, a tak se do\u010dk\u00e1me jen po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed polost\u00ednov\u00e9 a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 f\u00e1ze. V\u00a0r\u00e1mci Evropy f\u00e1zi \u00fapln\u00e9ho zatm\u011bn\u00ed uvid\u00ed na je\u0161t\u011b tmav\u00e9 obloze na z\u00e1pad\u011b Francie, ve \u0160pan\u011blsku, v Portugalsku nebo na p\u0159idru\u017een\u00fdch ostrovech v\u00a0Atlantiku (nap\u0159\u00edklad na Azorsk\u00fdch \u010di Kan\u00e1rsk\u00fdch ostrovech). V\u00a0pln\u00e9 kr\u00e1se bude pozorovateln\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na z\u00a0americk\u00e9ho kontinentu.<\/p>\n

Cel\u00fd \u00fakaz za\u010dne u\u017e ve 3:32 SEL\u010c o\u010dima nepozorovateln\u00fdm polost\u00ednov\u00fdm zatm\u011bn\u00edm. Zrakem si n\u011bjak\u00e9ho potemn\u011bn\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edce v\u0161imneme a\u017e po 4. hodin\u011b, kdy se za\u010dne zd\u00e1t, jako by byl M\u011bs\u00edc z\u00a0lev\u00e9ho okraje pon\u011bkud za\u010dazen \u010dern\u00fdm kou\u0159em. V\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b najdeme na\u0161eho kosmick\u00e9ho souputn\u00edka n\u00edzko nad jihoz\u00e1padn\u00edm obzorem a na opa\u010dn\u00e9 stran\u011b oblohy u\u017e bude pozvolna sv\u00edtat. Potemn\u011bn\u00ed bude s\u00edlit a ve 4:28 SEL\u010c za\u010dne \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edce. M\u011bs\u00edc ov\u0161em bude klesat k\u00a0obzoru a obloha velice v\u00fdrazn\u011b sv\u011btlat, tak\u017ee barev v\u00a0zemsk\u00e9m st\u00ednu si u\u017e nepov\u0161imneme. Nejv\u00edce z\u00a0\u00fakazu na \u010desko-slovensk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed budou m\u00edt Z\u00e1pado\u010de\u0161i, kter\u00fdm zatm\u011bl\u00fd \u00fapln\u011bk zapadne za obzor jen kr\u00e1tce p\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem \u00fapln\u00e9ho zatm\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong> (kter\u00e9 za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 v\u00a05:29 SEL\u010c). Kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 by mohly b\u00fdt zejm\u00e9na kompozi\u010dn\u00ed fotografie \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b zatm\u011bl\u00e9ho M\u011bs\u00edce s\u00a0architektonick\u00fdmi pam\u00e1tkami na obzoru, tak si to p\u0159eci jen nenechte uj\u00edt. \u00dapln\u00e9ho zatm\u011bn\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edce viditeln\u00e9ho z\u00a0\u010ceska i Slovenska se toti\u017e do\u010dk\u00e1me a\u017e 7. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2025.<\/p>\n

\u010cerven 2022<\/h4>\n

Cel\u00fd \u010derven a polovina \u010dervence: Nad severem se mohou \u201erozsv\u00edtit\u201c no\u010dn\u00ed oblaka<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"No\u010dn\u00ed<\/a>
No\u010dn\u00ed sv\u00edt\u00edc\u00ed oblaky 5. \u010dervence 2020 nad rybn\u00edkem Hr\u00e1dek. Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

V\u00a0\u010dervnu a v\u00a0\u010dervenci 2022<\/strong> bude op\u011bt v\u00a0mo\u017en\u00e9 spat\u0159it mrazivou kr\u00e1su No\u010dn\u00edch sv\u00edt\u00edc\u00edch oblak<\/em> (NLC)<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 \u00fazce souvis\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b s\u00a0meteorick\u00fdm prachem a rovn\u011b\u017e kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00edm slune\u010dn\u00ed aktivity. Ta bude v\u00a0roce 2022 mezi minimem a maximem (to se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00a0roce 2025), i tak by se m\u011bly vytvo\u0159it stabiln\u00ed podm\u00ednky v\u00a0t\u011bch vrstv\u00e1ch zemsk\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9ry, ve kter\u00fdch se NLC tvo\u0159\u00ed, tedy ve v\u00fd\u0161ce okolo 85 kilometr\u016f. Je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee rok 2022 bude na v\u00fdskyt no\u010dn\u00edch oblak podobn\u011b bohat\u00fd jako rok minul\u00fd a mo\u017en\u00e1 se dokonce do\u010dk\u00e1me fantastick\u00e9 pod\u00edvan\u00e9 podobn\u00e9 t\u00e9 ve ve\u010dern\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch 21. \u010dervna 2019<\/a> nebo 5. \u010dervence 2020<\/a>. V\u00a0obou p\u0159\u00edpadech NLC \u201ezat\u00e1hla\u201c celou \u010deskou oblohu, co\u017e je na na\u0161e pom\u011bry opravnu extr\u00e9mn\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u00e9. Kdy a jak no\u010dn\u00ed oblaky vyhl\u00ed\u017eet, najdete nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0\u010dl\u00e1nku z\u00a0\u010dervna 2015<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Druh\u00e1 polovina \u010dervna: Vz\u00e1cn\u00e1 planet\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u0159ehl\u00eddka<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00a0roce 2022 n\u00e1s \u010dek\u00e1 jedno opravdu vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 obdob\u00ed, kdy uvid\u00edme v\u0161echny o\u010dima viditeln\u00e9 planety Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy a M\u011bs\u00edc v\u00a0jedin\u00fd okam\u017eik<\/strong>. Takov\u00e9 obdob\u00ed nast\u00e1v\u00e1, kdy\u017e se planety p\u0159i pohledu ze Zem\u011b nach\u00e1zej\u00ed \u00fahlov\u011b nep\u0159\u00edli\u0161 daleko od sebe a k\u00a0tomu i prchav\u00e1 planeta Merkur le\u017e\u00ed \u00fahlov\u011b dostate\u010dn\u011b daleko od Slunce (a je mo\u017en\u00e9 ji spat\u0159it na je\u0161t\u011b ne zcela sv\u011btl\u00e9 obloze). Naposledy se na severn\u00ed polokouli uk\u00e1zalo v\u0161ech 5 planet v\u00a0\u010dervenci roku 2020 (ale jen kr\u00e1tce) a znovu se nezopakuje do roku 2036. Velk\u00e1 konjunkce v\u0161ech jasn\u00fdch planet, kdy se planety \u00fahlov\u011b uskup\u00ed opravdu bl\u00edzko sebe, nastane a\u017e 9. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2040. Uvid\u011bt proto v\u0161ech 5 jasn\u00fdch planet (Merkur, Venu\u0161i, Mars, Jupiter a Saturn) spolu s\u00a0M\u011bs\u00edcem v\u00a0jeden okam\u017eik je proto dosti vz\u00e1cn\u00fd a velice fotogenick\u00fd moment. <\/strong><\/p>\n

\"V\u0161ech<\/a>
V\u0161ech 5 planet Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy viditeln\u00fdch pouh\u00fdma o\u010dima a k tomu M\u011bs\u00edc. V\u0161e najednou za rozb\u0159esku 24. \u010dervna 2022. Zdroj: P. Hor\u00e1lek\/F\u00da v Opav\u011b\/Stellarium.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 pod\u00edvan\u00e9 v\u00a0roce 2022 budou m\u00edt nejlep\u0161\u00ed podm\u00ednky pozorovatel\u00e9 okolo rovn\u00edku a na ji\u017en\u00ed zemsk\u00e9 polokouli. Nejlep\u0161\u00ed viditelnost toti\u017e nast\u00e1v\u00e1 okolo 24. \u010dervna, kdy se na \u010dasnou rann\u00ed oblohu u\u017e do z\u00e1\u0159e rozb\u0159esku \u201evyhoupne\u201c i planeta Merkur. Nav\u00edc v\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b bude mezi planetami pozvolna prostupovat M\u011bs\u00edc po posledn\u00ed \u010dtvrti, nab\u00eddne se proto opravdu kompletn\u00ed v\u00fdhled k\u00a0nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm objekt\u016fm Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy. Abyste vid\u011bli opravdu v\u0161ech 5 planet, je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed naj\u00edt m\u00edsto s\u00a0dokonale odkryt\u00fdm severov\u00fdchodn\u00edm a\u017e v\u00fdchodn\u00edm obzorem (ide\u00e1ln\u011b tedy vysoko v\u00a0hor\u00e1ch). Merkur bude vych\u00e1zet a\u017e p\u0159ed 4. hodinou rann\u00ed, tedy za pokro\u010dil\u00e9ho sv\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed. Proto\u017ee ale jeho jasnost bude podobn\u00e1 jako u nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch hv\u011bzd oblohy, nebude probl\u00e9m jej (v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u010dist\u00e9ho vzduchu v\u00a0atmosf\u00e9\u0159e) naj\u00edt n\u00edzko nad obzorem alespo\u0148 v\u00a0triedru. Velice jasnou Venu\u0161i p\u0159ehl\u00e9dnout nep\u016fjde, po M\u011bs\u00edci bude nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm objektem oblohy. Nad v\u00fdchodem najdeme M\u011bs\u00edc a Mars. Po Venu\u0161i a M\u011bs\u00edci t\u0159et\u00ed nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed objekt planet\u00e1rn\u00ed \u201e\u0161\u0148\u016fry\u201c \u2013 Jupiter \u2013 bude rovn\u011b\u017e nep\u0159ehl\u00e9dnuteln\u00fd. Ten u\u017e bude le\u017eet vysoko nad jihov\u00fdchodem. Posledn\u00ed k\u00a0nalezen\u00ed pak bude planeta Saturn (kter\u00e1 ze v\u0161ech planet bude k\u00a0vid\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu noci nejd\u00e9le \u2013 vych\u00e1zet bude ji\u017e p\u0159ed p\u016flnoc\u00ed). Za pon\u011bkud hor\u0161\u00edch podm\u00ednek se nab\u00eddne podobn\u00fd v\u00fdhled je\u0161t\u011b na konci roku.<\/p>\n

\u010cervenec 2022<\/h4>\n

13. \u010dervence: Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fapln\u011bk roku<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\u201eSuper\u00fapln\u011bk\u201c<\/a>
\u201eSuper\u00fapln\u011bk\u201c vych\u00e1z\u00ed za hradem Kun\u011btick\u00e1 hora na Pardubicku. Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Jako (t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159) ka\u017ed\u00fd rok i v\u00a0roce 2022 nastane \u00fapln\u011bk, b\u011bhem kter\u00e9ho bude M\u011bs\u00edc z\u00e1rove\u0148 proch\u00e1zet na sv\u00e9 eliptick\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze tzv. p\u0159\u00edzem\u00edm, a tedy \u00fapl\u0148kov\u00fd M\u011bs\u00edc bude \u00fahlov\u011b nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00a0cel\u00e9m roce. Tento moment p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na st\u0159edu 13. \u010dervence 2022, kdy se na oblohu vyhoupne onen \u201esuper\u00fapln\u011bk\u201c<\/em>. <\/strong>M\u011bs\u00edc se octne ve f\u00e1zi \u00fapl\u0148ku ve 20:38 SEL\u010c. Pouh\u00e9 zhruba 9,5 hodiny p\u0159edt\u00edm, v\u00a011:09 SEL\u010c bude nejbl\u00ed\u017ee k\u00a0Zemi, a to na vzd\u00e1lenost 357\u00a0263 km.<\/p>\n

Ale pozor, i kdy\u017e bude n\u00e1\u0161 souputn\u00edk nab\u00edzet \u00fahlov\u011b nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fapln\u011bk, po\u0159\u00e1d ne\u010dijete \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd ob\u0159\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edc.<\/strong> Popravd\u011b \u2013 \u201esuper\u00fapln\u011bk\u201c nen\u00ed ani astronomick\u00fd pojem, je to jen lidov\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed \u00fahlov\u011b nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho \u00fapl\u0148ku v\u00a0roce, kter\u00fd je ale st\u00e1le jen asi o 15 procent v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ten \u00fahlov\u011b nejmen\u0161\u00ed v\u00a0roce (tedy o tlou\u0161\u0165ku p\u00e1r\u00e1tka dr\u017een\u00e9ho p\u0159i nata\u017een\u00e9 pa\u017ei co nejd\u00e1l od o\u010d\u00ed). To, co ov\u0161em v\u017edycky zaujme, bez ohledu na velikost \u00fapl\u0148ku, je v\u00fdchod M\u011bs\u00edce nad obzorem. Optick\u00e1 iluze, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 n\u00e1\u0161 mozek porovn\u00e1v\u00e1 velikost M\u011bs\u00edce se vzd\u00e1len\u00fdmi objekty na obzoru, v\u00a0n\u00e1s skute\u010dn\u011b vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 pocit, \u017ee je M\u011bs\u00edc \u201eobrovsk\u00fd\u201c. Nenechte si tedy uj\u00edt v\u00fdchod (nebo z\u00e1pad) \u010dervencov\u00e9ho \u201esuper\u00fapl\u0148ku\u201c za n\u011bjak\u00fdm vzd\u00e1len\u00fdm architektonick\u00fdm skvostem!<\/p>\n

\"Porovn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a>
Porovn\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fahlov\u00e9 velikost\u00ed \u00fapl\u0148k\u016f v p\u0159\u00edzem\u00ed a v odzem\u00ed (lidov\u011b \u201esuper\u00fapl\u0148ku\u201c a \u201emikro\u00fapl\u0148ku\u201c) v roce 2018. \u00dapln\u011bk v p\u0159\u00edzem\u00ed je maxim\u00e1ln\u011b o 15 % v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, co\u017e je p\u0159i pohledu o\u010dima prakticky nepost\u0159ehnuteln\u00e9. Dojem \u201evelk\u00e9ho M\u011bs\u00edce\u201c zp\u016fsobuje hlavn\u011b iluze p\u0159i v\u00fdchodu nebo z\u00e1padu na\u0161eho kosmick\u00e9ho souputn\u00edka. Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Srpen 2022<\/h4>\n

Okolo 12. srpna: Letn\u00ed rojen\u00ed meteor\u016f za m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edho svitu<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Maximum<\/a>
Maximum meteorick\u00e9ho roje Perseidy nad Parkem tmavej oblohy Poloniny. Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kosmick\u00fd \u201eoh\u0148ostroj\u201c roku \u2013 meteorick\u00fd roj Perseidy<\/em><\/strong> \u2013 se v\u00a0roce 2022 net\u011b\u0161\u00ed dobr\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m, ale i tak si jej nenechte uj\u00edt. Pod\u00edvan\u00e1 u\u017e toti\u017e neodmysliteln\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed k\u00a0letn\u00edmu p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmu koloritu (a s\u00a0t\u00edm obdob\u00edm souvis\u00ed i v\u00edce volna, teplej\u0161\u00ed a \u010dasto p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed, mo\u017enosti v\u00fdlet\u016f do p\u0159\u00edrody a z\u00e1\u017eitk\u016f pod \u201e\u010dir\u00e1kem\u201c) a je mo\u017enost uvid\u011bt opravdu jasn\u00e9 meteory ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010detnosti.\u00a0 Maximum roje, za n\u00edm\u017e stoj\u00ed kometa 109P Swift-Tuttle<\/em> a kter\u00e9 s\u00a0sebou nese p\u0159ipomenut\u00ed p\u0159es 1760 let star\u00e9 nespravedlnosti<\/a> (nespravedlivou a krutou popravu svat\u00e9ho Vav\u0159ince), vych\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00a0roce 2022 na rann\u00ed hodiny 13. srpna (zhruba ve 3 hodiny SEL\u010c), ale bohu\u017eel a m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed f\u00e1ze p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na den po \u00fapl\u0148ku. N\u00e1\u0161 soused tedy bude sv\u00fdm svitem velice ru\u0161it pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>. Perseidy ov\u0161em nejsou aktivn\u00ed jen v\u00a0noc maxima, jejich aktivita za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 u\u017e ve t\u0159et\u00ed dek\u00e1d\u011b \u010dervence a kon\u010d\u00ed v\u00a0z\u00e1v\u011bru srpna. Vyplat\u00ed se tedy pozorovat zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0t\u00fddnu p\u0159ed maximem, tedy p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b<\/strong> od 5. srpna 2022 do 11. srpna, a to v\u017edy v\u00a0\u010dasn\u00fdch rann\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch<\/strong> (nejv\u00edce meteor\u016f je v\u017edy vid\u011bt r\u00e1no mezi p\u016flnoc\u00ed a 5. hodinou rann\u00ed). M\u011bs\u00edc v\u00a0noc\u00edch p\u0159ed maximem bude sv\u00edtit jen v\u00a0prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b noci, zat\u00edmco aktivita u\u017e bude stoupat hlavn\u011b nad r\u00e1nem. Meteor\u016f sice bude vid\u011bt m\u00e9n\u011b, ale i tak je to nejkr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed letn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pro noci str\u00e1ven\u00e9 pod hv\u011bzdn\u00fdm nebem.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2022<\/h4>\n

P\u0159elom srpna a z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed: Nebi \u201evl\u00e1dnou\u201c planet\u00e1rn\u00ed ob\u0159i, Ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e1 dr\u00e1ha a zv\u00ed\u0159etn\u00edkov\u00e9 sv\u011btlo<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Vyhl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/a>
Vyhl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed Ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 ve slovensk\u00fdch Polonin\u00e1ch. Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

S\u00a0pozdn\u00edm l\u00e9tem, kdy\u017e<\/strong> se noci za\u010dnou prodlu\u017eovat, se pochopiteln\u011b nab\u00eddne spousta p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed tr\u00e1vit \u010das pod no\u010dn\u00ed oblohou s\u00a0nejkr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u00fasekem Ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy<\/em><\/strong>. Ten n\u00edzko nad ji\u017en\u00edm obzorem dopln\u00ed dv\u011b jasn\u00e9 planety: P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm planeta Saturn<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 bude v\u00a0opozici se Sluncem u\u017e 14. srpna 2022 v\u00a019:02 SEL\u010c v\u00a0souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Kozoroha a jist\u011b pot\u011b\u0161\u00ed sv\u00fdmi prstenci ka\u017ed\u00e9ho majitele u\u017e men\u0161\u00edho hv\u011bzd\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho dalekohledu. Prstence jsou toti\u017e tak rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9, \u017ee a\u010dkoliv je planeta Saturn od n\u00e1s i okolo sv\u00e9 opozice p\u0159es 1 miliardu kilometr\u016f daleko, jsou jako sv\u011btl\u00fd krou\u017eek obep\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed kotou\u010dek planety viditeln\u00e9 u\u017e ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm binokul\u00e1ru ustaven\u00e9m na pevn\u00e9m stativu. Jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed Jupiter se octne v\u00a0opozici se Sluncem a\u017e <\/strong>26. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2022 ve 21:25 SEL\u010c (najdeme jej vysoko v\u00a0souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Ryb). I ten je pot\u011bchou pro oko pozorovatele vybaven\u00e9ho mal\u00fdm dalekohledem. V\u00a0n\u011bm ukazuje planeta a\u017e 4 Galileovsk\u00e9 m\u011bs\u00edce<\/em> (I\u00f3<\/em>, Eur\u00f3pu<\/em>, Ganymeda<\/em> a Callist\u00f3<\/em>). Ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstroji jsou viditeln\u00e9 i obla\u010dn\u00e9 p\u00e1sy i bou\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako Velk\u00e1 rud\u00e1 skvrna<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\"Vyhl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/a>
Vyhl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed Ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy nad Se\u010dskou p\u0159ehradou. Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ml\u00e9\u010dnou dr\u00e1hu bude nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vyhl\u00ed\u017eet zejm\u00e9na na p\u0159elomu m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f<\/strong> (u\u017e na p\u0159elomu \u010dervence a srpna, ale tak\u00e9 na p\u0159elomu srpna a z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed), kdy bude M\u011bs\u00edc ve f\u00e1zi novu. Letn\u00ed \u00fasek Ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy je pozorovateln\u00fd v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu letn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f celou noc, v\u00a0\u010dervnu vrchol\u00ed v\u00a0p\u016fli noci, v\u00a0z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed u\u017e je nad hlavou po setm\u011bn\u00ed. Pokud budete daleko od m\u011bst, kde neru\u0161\u00ed sv\u011bteln\u00e9 zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed (nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0jedn\u00e9 z\u00a0oblast\u00ed tmav\u00e9 oblohu v\u00a0\u010cesku \u010di na Slovensku \u2013 v\u00a0Man\u011bt\u00edn\u011b, Jizersk\u00fdch hor\u00e1ch, Beskydech, ve Ve\u013ek\u00e9 Fatre nebo Polonin\u00e1ch), uvid\u00edte st\u0159\u00edb\u0159it\u00fd p\u00e1s hv\u011bzd s\u00a0bohat\u00fdmi strukturami a\u017e k\u00a0ji\u017en\u00edmu obzoru, kde se v\u00a0souhv\u011bzd\u00ed \u0160t\u00edra Ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e1 dr\u00e1ha roz\u0161i\u0159uje. T\u00edm sm\u011brem se d\u00edv\u00e1me do centra na\u0161\u00ed Galaxie<\/em>.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b a pak na konci z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed lze rovn\u011b\u017e na \u010dasn\u00e9 rann\u00ed obloze op\u011bt vyhl\u00ed\u017eet neostr\u00fd ku\u017eel zv\u00ed\u0159etn\u00edkov\u00e9ho sv\u011btla <\/strong>(viz m\u011bs\u00edc b\u0159ezen), jdouc\u00edho od souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Bl\u00ed\u017eenc\u016f vysoko do Berana. Stejn\u011b jako na ja\u0159e je i v\u00a0tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nutn\u00e9 b\u00fdt daleko od m\u011bst s\u00a0minimem sv\u011bteln\u00e9ho zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0okol\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u0158\u00edjen 2022<\/h4>\n

21. \u0159\u00edjna: \u0158\u00edjnov\u00fd prach z Halleyovy komety<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Maximum<\/a>
Maximum meteorick\u00e9ho roje Orionid v \u0159\u00edjnu 2020 nad pre\u0161ovsk\u00fdmi sopkami na v\u00fdchod\u011b Slovenska. Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

V\u00a0p\u00e1tek<\/strong> 21. \u0159\u00edjna a v\u00a0sobotu 22. \u0159\u00edjna 2022<\/strong> n\u00e1s \u010dek\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u00fd, by\u0165 \u010dasto opom\u00edjen\u00fd, pravideln\u00fd meteorick\u00fd roj Orionidy<\/em>, a to za nejlep\u0161\u00edch mo\u017en\u00fdch podm\u00ednek<\/strong>.\u00a0 Maximum v roce 2022 p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na t\u0159i dny p\u0159ed novem (ten nastane 25. \u0159\u00edjna a s n\u00edm \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce viditeln\u00e9 po cel\u00e9m \u010cesku i Slovensku). M\u011bs\u00edc tedy nebude pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed Orionid sv\u00fdm svitem v\u016fbec ru\u0161it. Radiant prom\u00edtaj\u00edc\u00ed se do Orionova kyje v severov\u00fdchodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti souhv\u011bzd\u00ed stoup\u00e1 nad obzor v pr\u016fb\u011bhu pozdn\u00edch no\u010dn\u00edch hodin a nejlep\u0161\u00ed podm\u00ednky b\u00fdvaj\u00ed ve druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b noci a nad r\u00e1nem (mezi 1. a 5. hodinou rann\u00ed). V pr\u016fb\u011bhu maxima roje se tak m\u016f\u017eeme do\u010dkat na tmav\u00e9 obloze daleko od m\u011bst a\u017e des\u00edtky rojov\u00fdch meteor\u016f za hodinu, poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch z \u00falomk\u016f v\u016fbec nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vlasatice. Obecn\u011b Orionidy nejsou moc aktivn\u00edm rojem, ale ob\u010das vyprodukuj\u00ed i celkem jasn\u00fd meteor, tzv. bolid. Aktivita roje je nav\u00edc pozvoln\u00e1, trv\u00e1 d\u00e9le ne\u017e m\u011bs\u00edc, od 2. \u0159\u00edjna a\u017e do 7. listopadu, tak\u017ee maximum nen\u00ed nikterak ostr\u00e9. M\u00e1 tedy smysl se d\u00edvat na Orionidy i n\u011bkolik noc\u00ed p\u0159ed maximem a po n\u011bm. V\u00edce informac\u00ed o zatm\u011bn\u00ed na speci\u00e1ln\u00ed str\u00e1nce na www.astro-novinky.cz<\/a>.<\/p>\n

25. \u0159\u00edjna: V\u00fdrazn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Pr\u016fb\u011bh<\/a>
Pr\u016fb\u011bh zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce 25. \u0159\u00edjna 2022 v Praze. Autor: Petr Hor\u00e1lek\/Stellarium.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Na \u0159\u00edjnov\u00e9 obloze se na n\u00e1s \u201eusm\u011bje\u201c Slunce p\u0159i jeho v\u00fdrazn\u00e9m zatm\u011bn\u00ed (nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm do roku 2026). <\/strong>Bude jen \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9, ale provedou jej p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 pozorovac\u00ed podm\u00ednky. \u010cesko i Slovensko se bude nach\u00e1zet v\u00a0oblasti, kde \u00fakaz dos\u00e1hne v\u00edce jak 40 % z\u00e1krytu slune\u010dn\u00edho disku M\u011bs\u00edcem. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zatm\u011bn\u00ed se odehraje Rusku, i tak bude ale jen \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 (maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed zakryt\u00ed 86 % slune\u010dn\u00edho disku). \u00dakaz uvid\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161ina Evropan\u016f (vyjma Portugalc\u016f) a velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st obyvatel D\u00e1ln\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu. Na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesko-Slovenska bude viditeln\u00e9 okolo poledne, tedy v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu dne prakticky nejv\u00fd\u0161e nad obzorem (v\u00edce jak 25\u00b0 vysoko). Dal\u0161\u00ed zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce z\u00a0\u010ceska a Slovenska uvid\u00edme a\u017e 29. b\u0159ezna 2025 a bude op\u011bt \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

N\u00ed\u017ee je uvedena tabulka s\u00a0viditelnost\u00ed \u00fakazu ve vybran\u00fdch \u010desk\u00fdch a slovensk\u00fdch m\u011bstech. Pro podrobnosti o \u00fakazu na v\u00e1mi vybran\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b sta\u010d\u00ed nav\u0161t\u00edvit interaktivn\u00ed mapu Xaviera Jubiera<\/a> a v\u00a0map\u011b si zvolit svou lokalitu. Na pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 se vybavit speci\u00e1ln\u00edm filtrem pro ochranu zraku<\/a>. Podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed informace o tomto \u00fakazu a dal\u0161\u00edch zatm\u011bn\u00edch Slunce, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1s v\u00a0n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch letech \u010dekaj\u00ed, najdete v\u00a0knize Tajemn\u00e1 zatm\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/a>
Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed f\u00e1ze zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce 25. \u0159\u00edjna 2022 ve vybran\u00fdch m\u011bstech v \u010cesku a na Slovensku. Autor: Petr Hor\u00e1lek\/F\u00da v Opav\u011b\/Stellarium.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tabulka: Viditelnost zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce 25. \u0159\u00edjna 2022 z\u00a0\u010ceska a Slovenska.
\n<\/strong>M\u011bsta jsou \u0159azena od z\u00e1padu na v\u00fdchod. \u010casy jsou v\u00a0SEL\u010c.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
M\u011bsto<\/strong><\/td>\nZa\u010d\u00e1tek zatm\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\nSt\u0159ed zatm\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\nKonec zatm\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\nVelikost zatm\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cheb<\/strong><\/td>\n11:11:56<\/td>\n12:14:15<\/td>\n13:17:59<\/td>\n39,0 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Plze\u0148<\/strong><\/td>\n11:12:14<\/td>\n12:15:44<\/td>\n13:20:09<\/td>\n39,8 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Praha<\/strong><\/td>\n11:12:41<\/td>\n12:16:48<\/td>\n13:22:12<\/td>\n41,6 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice<\/strong><\/td>\n11:13:59<\/td>\n12:17:43<\/td>\n13:22:42<\/td>\n40,2 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Liberec<\/strong><\/td>\n11:12:11<\/td>\n12:17:03<\/td>\n13:23:09<\/td>\n43,3 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pardubice<\/strong><\/td>\n11:13:17<\/td>\n12:18:31<\/td>\n13:24:54<\/td>\n43,3 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Brno<\/strong><\/td>\n11:14:36<\/td>\n12:20:15<\/td>\n13:26:58<\/td>\n43,2 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bratislava<\/strong><\/td>\n11:16:05<\/td>\n12:21:49<\/td>\n13:28:34<\/td>\n42,4 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Opava<\/strong><\/td>\n11:14:23<\/td>\n12:21:15<\/td>\n13:29:03<\/td>\n45,8 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tren\u010d\u00edn<\/strong><\/td>\n11:15:38<\/td>\n12:22:22<\/td>\n13:30:00<\/td>\n44,6 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ostrava<\/strong><\/td>\n11:14:42<\/td>\n12:21:49<\/td>\n13:29:50<\/td>\n46,1 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bansk\u00e1 Bystrica<\/strong><\/td>\n11:16:23<\/td>\n12:23:57<\/td>\n13:32:17<\/td>\n45,8 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Rimavsk\u00e1 Sobota<\/strong><\/td>\n11:17:17<\/td>\n12:25:26<\/td>\n13:34:15<\/td>\n46,4 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Poprad<\/strong><\/td>\n11:16:40<\/td>\n12:25:09<\/td>\n13:34:15<\/td>\n47,6 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pre\u0161ov<\/strong><\/td>\n11:17:17<\/td>\n12:26:25<\/td>\n13:36:04<\/td>\n48,7 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ko\u0161ice<\/strong><\/td>\n11:17:40<\/td>\n12:26:44<\/td>\n13:36:21<\/td>\n48,4 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Humenn\u00e9<\/strong><\/td>\n11:17:46<\/td>\n12:27:22<\/td>\n13:37:22<\/td>\n49,5 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Snina<\/strong><\/td>\n11:17:52<\/td>\n12:27:38<\/td>\n13:37:47<\/td>\n49,8 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Listopad 2022<\/h4>\n

Cel\u00fd listopad: Vyhl\u00ed\u017eejte z\u00e1\u0159iv\u00e9 Tauridy<\/strong><\/p>\n

O dal\u0161\u00ed bolidy by se je\u0161t\u011b na konci \u0159\u00edjna a pak zejm\u00e9na na za\u010d\u00e1tku listopadu<\/strong> mohly postarat dv\u011b v\u011btve (severn\u00ed a ji\u017en\u00ed) meteorick\u00e9ho roje Taurid<\/em><\/strong>. Mate\u0159skou kometou ji\u017en\u00ed v\u011btv\u011b je kr\u00e1tkoperiodick\u00e1 kometa 2P\/Encke<\/em> (vrac\u00ed se ke Slunci za 3,3 roku), kter\u00e1 prolet\u011bla kolem Slunce v l\u00e9t\u011b roku 2020 a znovu se vr\u00e1t\u00ed v\u00a0\u0159\u00edjnu roku 2023. Severn\u00ed v\u011btev m\u00e1 pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b na sv\u011bdom\u00ed drol\u00edc\u00ed se asteroid 2004 TG10<\/em>. Je obvykl\u00e9, \u017ee proudy Taurid produkuj\u00ed opravdu jasn\u00e9 bolidy. Ji\u017en\u00ed Tauridy maj\u00ed obdob\u00ed aktivity trvaj\u00edc\u00ed zhruba dva m\u011bs\u00edce (mezi 10. z\u00e1\u0159\u00edm a 20. listopadem, s t\u0159emi nev\u00fdrazn\u00fdmi maximy 10. 10., 31. 10. a 15. 11.). Severn\u00ed Tauridy b\u00fdvaj\u00ed nejaktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed necel\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc pozd\u011bji (od 28. 10. do 17. 11., s maximem kolem 2 a\u017e 3. listopadu). P\u0159i mal\u00e9 zenitov\u00e9 frekvenci p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 5-10 meteor\u016f za hodinu vych\u00e1z\u00ed jejich spole\u010dn\u00e9 neostr\u00e9 maximum na datum okolo<\/strong> 4. listopadu 2022<\/strong>. M\u011bs\u00edc bude v\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b ve f\u00e1zi kr\u00e1tce p\u0159ed \u00fapl\u0148kem (nast\u00e1v\u00e1 8. listopadu), ale i tak je \u0161ance, \u017ee p\u0159i maximu roje zachyt\u00edte n\u011bjak\u00fd velmi jasn\u00fd bolid<\/a>. Jsou i p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy bolidy Taurid dos\u00e1hly pr\u00e1v\u011b jasu M\u011bs\u00edce v\u00a0\u00fapl\u0148ku a rozz\u00e1\u0159ily no\u010dn\u00ed krajinu!<\/p>\n

Prosinec 2022<\/h4>\n

8. prosince: Nejlep\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhled k rud\u00e9 planet\u011b a jej\u00ed vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 zakryt\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edcem<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Planeta<\/a>
Planeta Mars (oran\u017eov\u00fd objekt dole) u hv\u011bzdokup Plej\u00e1dy (modr\u00e1 kupa) a Hy\u00e1dy\u00a0 (kupa vlevo ve tvaru \u201eV\u201c) na hloubkov\u00e9m sn\u00edmku z b\u0159ezna 2021. Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek\/F\u00da v Opav\u011b.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Planeta Mars<\/strong> bude v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu roku pozvolna zjas\u0148ovat a 1. prosince ve 3:18 SE\u010c se nejv\u00edce p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed k\u00a0Zemi<\/strong>, a to na vzd\u00e1lenost 81,5 milionu kilometru. O t\u00fdden pozd\u011bji, 8. prosince v\u00a06:36 SE\u010c dos\u00e1hne tzv. opozice se Sluncem <\/strong>(bude na opa\u010dn\u00e9 stran\u011b oblohy ne\u017e Slunce) a nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed jasnosti -1,9 magnitudy.<\/strong> V\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b planetu najdeme velice vysoko v\u00a0souhv\u011bzd\u00ed B\u00fdka, bude tak nejl\u00e9pe pozorovateln\u00e1 z\u00a0na\u0161\u00edch kon\u010din, jak jen to je mo\u017en\u00e9. P\u0159i t\u00e9to opozici sice nedos\u00e1hne nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho mo\u017en\u00e9ho p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed k\u00a0Zemi (to se odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 pouze u opozic na konci srpna \u2013 jednou za zhruba 15-16 let), ale pr\u00e1v\u011b jej\u00ed prakticky maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161ka nad obzorem pro st\u0159edoevropsk\u00e9ho pozorovatele tento neduh velice v\u00fdznamn\u011b vykompenzuje. Nav\u00edc zimn\u00ed noci jsou chladn\u00e9, vzduch klidn\u00fd a t\u00edm sp\u00ed\u0161 bude pohled na Mars p\u0159es dalekohled opravdu jedine\u010dn\u00fd. Na povrchu rud\u00e9 planety budou k\u00a0vid\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed albedov\u00e9 \u00fatvary<\/em> (m\u00edsta s\u00a0men\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed odrazivost\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00edho sv\u011btla) a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b pol\u00e1rn\u00ed \u010depi\u010dku<\/em>. Pastva pro o\u010di to bude i pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed nebudou m\u00edt zrovna n\u011bjak\u00fd hv\u011bzd\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd dalekohled po ruce: Mars se celou dubu bude pozvolna pohybovat p\u0159ed souhv\u011bzd\u00edm B\u00fdka, jemu\u017e dominuj\u00ed jedny z\u00a0nejkr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch o\u010dima viditeln\u00fdch otev\u0159en\u00fdch hv\u011bzdokup \u2013 Hy\u00e1dy<\/em> a Plej\u00e1dy<\/em>. Jednozna\u010dn\u011b se tak nab\u00eddne mnoho p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed pro d\u016fmyslnou astrofotografii.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\u00dahlov\u00e9<\/a>
\u00dahlov\u00e9 velikosti Marsu p\u0159i jeho viditelnosti na obloze v roce 2022 a 2023. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed bude 1. prosince 2022, kdy se nejv\u00edce p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed k Zemi. Zdroj: Alpo-Astronomy.org.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Z\u00e1kryt<\/a>
Z\u00e1kryt Marsu M\u011bs\u00edcem v \u00fapl\u0148ku nastane 8. prosince 2022 \u010dasn\u011b r\u00e1no pr\u00e1v\u011b v dob\u011b opozice Marsu se Sluncem. Vz\u00e1cn\u00fd to \u00fakaz! Auto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek\/F\u00da v Opav\u011b\/Stellarium.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

A to nen\u00ed v\u0161echno: Pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0okam\u017eik opozice Marsu, 8. prosince 2022 \u010dasn\u011b r\u00e1no, nastane je\u0161t\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1kryt Marsu M\u011bs\u00edcem v\u00a0\u00fapl\u0148ku!<\/strong> Dva vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 jevy pozorovateln\u00e9 prakticky najednou, to u\u017e je opravdu mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e1 nebesk\u00e1 ud\u00e1lost! M\u011bs\u00edc bude rudou planetu zakr\u00fdvat zhruba okolo 6. hodiny rann\u00ed (\u010dasy se budou li\u0161it v\u00a0minut\u00e1ch s\u00a0ohledem na pozici pozorovatele na \u010desko-slovensk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed), tedy jen p\u016fl hodiny p\u0159ed \u010dasem opozice Marsu se Sluncem. Okolo 7. hodiny SE\u010c se rud\u00e1 planeta op\u011bt objev\u00ed zpoza z\u00e1padn\u00edho okraje m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edho disku. Na pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed posta\u010d\u00ed mal\u00fd dalekohled (triedr), ov\u0161em pokud budete disponovat st\u0159edn\u00edm astronomick\u00fdm dalekohledem o pr\u016fm\u011bru nad 8 centimetr\u016f, budete si moci vychutnat pozvoln\u00fd z\u00e1kryt rud\u00e9 planety za nerovn\u00fdm okrajem jasn\u00e9ho m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edho disku.<\/p>\n

14. prosince: Zimn\u00ed rojen\u00ed meteor\u016f<\/strong><\/p>\n

Posledn\u00edm skute\u010dn\u011b excelentn\u00edm pravideln\u00fdm meteorick\u00fdm rojem budou v\u00a0roce 2022 Geminidy<\/em><\/strong>, kter\u00e9 sice nemaj\u00ed nejlep\u0161\u00ed pozorovac\u00ed podm\u00ednky <\/strong>(skv\u011bl\u00e9 budou a\u017e v\u00a0roce\u00a02023), ale vyplat\u00ed se na n\u011b pod\u00edvat. Mate\u0159sk\u00fdm t\u011blesem roje Geminid je planetka (3200) Phaeton<\/em>, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b b\u00fdval\u00e1 a dnes ji\u017e vyhasl\u00e1 kometa. Radiant roje se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00fdchodn\u011b od dvou nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch hv\u011bzd souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Bl\u00ed\u017eenc\u016f, hv\u011bzd Castor<\/em> a Pollux<\/em>. Na prosincov\u00e9 obloze vych\u00e1z\u00ed u\u017e za ve\u010dern\u00edho soumraku a b\u011bhem noci stoupaj\u00ed vysoko nad ji\u017en\u00ed obzor, kde vrchol\u00ed po p\u016flnoci. Nejv\u00edce meteor\u016f lze tedy v\u017edy o\u010dek\u00e1vat mezi p\u016flnoc\u00ed a 3. hodinou rann\u00ed. Meteory jsou pomal\u00e9 a \u010dasto pom\u011brn\u011b jasn\u00e9, se stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161kou radiantu stoup\u00e1 frekvence nad 100 meteor\u016f v\u00a0hodin\u011b! Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed aktivitu lze o\u010dek\u00e1vat<\/strong> v noci ze 13.\/14.<\/strong> prosince, maximum toti\u017e nast\u00e1v\u00e1 14. prosince ve 14 hodin SE\u010c, tedy a\u017e ve dne (noc p\u0159edt\u00edm bude aktivita stoupat, pak u\u017e prudce klesat)<\/strong>. M\u011bs\u00edc ru\u0161\u00ed v\u00a0druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b s f\u00e1z\u00ed 6 dn\u00ed po \u00fapl\u0148ku v\u00a0souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Lva.<\/p>\n

I tak se vyplat\u00ed vyhl\u00ed\u017eet zejm\u00e9na 14. prosince 2022 mezi p\u016flnoc\u00ed hodinou a sv\u00edt\u00e1n\u00edm (okolo 6. hodiny).<\/strong> Za ide\u00e1ln\u00edch podm\u00ednek (jasno, pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed mimo m\u011bsta) lze v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu rann\u00edch hodin za svitu M\u011bs\u00edce spat\u0159it na 200 jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch meteor\u016f. Pokud u\u017e bude n\u011bkde le\u017eet sn\u011bhov\u00e1 pokr\u00fdvka, nenechte se odradit mrazem a zkuste aspo\u0148 na p\u00e1r chvil str\u00e1vit \u010das pod nebem. \u201ePadaj\u00edc\u00ed hv\u011bzdy\u201c nad \u201eladovskou krajinou\u201c jsou vskutku poh\u00e1dkov\u00fdm z\u00e1\u017eitkem.<\/p>\n

\"Maximum<\/a>
Maximum meteorick\u00e9ho roje Geminid v roce 2018 nad Se\u010dskou p\u0159ehradou. Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

23. prosince: P\u0159edv\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed novolun\u00ed a t\u0159pytiv\u00fd hv\u011bzdn\u00fd \u0161esti\u00faheln\u00edk<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Bezm\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00e9<\/a>
Bezm\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00e9 sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed noci nab\u00edzej\u00ed pohled k zimn\u00edmu \u0161esti\u00faheln\u00edku. Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

V\u00a0p\u00e1tek 23. prosince 2022, jen 3 minuty p\u0159ed \u0160t\u011bdr\u00fdm dnem, se M\u011bs\u00edc octne ve f\u00e1zi novu. V\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed sv\u00e1tky tedy budou bezm\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b, a pokud je budete tr\u00e1vit n\u011bkde v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b, d\u00e1l od v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch m\u011bst, za jasn\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed se sama p\u0159\u00edroda postar\u00e1 o kr\u00e1snou z\u00e1\u0159ivou \u201ev\u00fdzdobu\u201c. Bezm\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00e9 zimn\u00ed noci toti\u017e nahr\u00e1vaj\u00ed k\u00a0vyhl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch hv\u011bzd no\u010dn\u00ed oblohy pobl\u00ed\u017e slab\u00e9 Ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy v\u00a0okol\u00ed majest\u00e1tn\u00edho souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Orionu. V\u00a0jeho rameni le\u017e\u00ed na\u010dervenal\u00e9 hv\u011bzda Betelgeuze<\/em>, velk\u00fd rud\u00fd obr na sklonku sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Betelgeuzi pak ve velk\u00e9m nebesk\u00e9m prostoru obklopuj\u00ed jasn\u00e9 hv\u011bzdy Rigel<\/em> (noha Oriona), Aldebaran<\/em> (souhv\u011bzd\u00ed B\u00fdka), Capella<\/em> (souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Vozky), Pollux<\/em> (souhvz\u011bd\u00ed Bl\u00ed\u017eenc\u016f), Procyon<\/em> (souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Mal\u00e9ho psa) a S\u00edrius<\/em> (nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hv\u011bzda no\u010dn\u00ed oblohy v\u00a0souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Velk\u00e9ho psa). Tyto v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 hv\u011bzdy utv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed na nebi velk\u00fd obrazec, odborn\u011b asterismus, naz\u00fdvan\u00fd \u201eZimn\u00ed \u0161esti\u00faheln\u00edk\u201c<\/em>. Nejl\u00e9pe je \u00fatvar viditeln\u00fd okolo p\u016flnoci, dokonce i z\u00a0m\u011bst. Mimo m\u011bsta jej \u201eprot\u00edn\u00e1\u201c zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e1 Ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e1 dr\u00e1ha. Znovu nastane p\u0159edv\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed novolun\u00ed v\u00a0roce 2025 (nov 20. prosince). P\u0159\u00edmo v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edho novolun\u00ed se do\u010dk\u00e1me a\u017e v\u00a0roce 2030.<\/p>\n

27-31. prosince: P\u0159edsilvestrovsk\u00e1 planet\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u0159ehl\u00eddka<\/strong><\/p>\n

Za pon\u011bkud hor\u0161\u00edch podm\u00ednek ne\u017e v\u00a0\u010dervnu se nab\u00eddne je\u0161t\u011b jeden vz\u00e1cn\u00fd v\u00fdhled ke v\u0161em 5 jasn\u00fdm planet\u00e1m Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy a M\u011bs\u00edci v\u00a0jeden okam\u017eik<\/strong>, a to mezi 27. prosincem 2022 a Silvestrem, tedy 31. prosincem 2022. Planety Venu\u0161i a Merkur budeme ale muset vyhl\u00ed\u017eet je\u0161t\u011b za jasn\u00e9ho sv\u011btla b\u011bhem soumraku velice n\u00edzko nad jihoz\u00e1padn\u00edm obzorem, a to okolo 16:40 SE\u010c. Saturn, Jupiter a Mars se pak budou na nebi nach\u00e1zet dost vysoko na jejich pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed i po soumraku. M\u011bs\u00edc bude v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu pod\u00edvan\u00e9 pozvolna dor\u016fstat.<\/p>\n

\"Pohled<\/a>
Pohled na v\u0161ech 5 o\u010dima viditeln\u00fdch planet Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy a M\u011bs\u00edc 28. prosince 2022 v 16:45 SE\u010c. Planety Merkur a Venu\u0161i najdeme n\u00edzko nad jihoz\u00e1padn\u00edm obzorem je\u0161t\u011b za soumraku. Autor: Petr Hor\u00e1lek\/F\u00da v Opav\u011b\/Stellarium.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Zdroje a doporu\u010den\u00e9 odkazy:<\/h4>\n

[1] Kniha Tajemn\u00e1 zatm\u011bn\u00ed (nakl. Albatros, 2018)<\/a>
\n[2] Seasky.org \u2013 Kalend\u00e1\u0159 \u00fakaz\u016f na rok 2022<\/a>
\n[3] Fourmilab.ch \u2013 Data \u00fapl\u0148k\u016f v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edzem\u00ed a odzem\u00ed<\/a>
\n[4] IMO.net \u2013 kalend\u00e1\u0159 meteorick\u00fdch roku na rok 2022<\/a>
\n[5] Calendar-12.com \u2013 Kalend\u00e1\u0159 m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch f\u00e1z\u00ed na rok 2022<\/a>
\n[6] Alpo-astronomy.org \u2013 Informace o opozici Marsu v\u00a0roce 2022<\/a><\/p>\n

Kontakty a dal\u0161\u00ed informace:<\/h4>\n

Bc. Petr Hor\u00e1lek<\/strong>
\nPR v\u00fdstup\u016f evropsk\u00fdch projekt\u016f F\u00da SU v Opav\u011b<\/em>
\nEmail: petr.horalek@slu.cz
\n<\/a>Telefon: +420 732 826\u00a0853<\/p>\n

RNDr. Tom\u00e1\u0161 Gr\u00e1f,\u00a0Ph.D.<\/strong>
\nFyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav SU v<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>Opav<\/em>\u011b<\/em>,<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>vedouc<\/em>\u00ed\u00a0<\/em>observato<\/em>\u0159<\/em>e WHOO!<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0a Unisf\u00e9ry<\/em>
\nEmail:\u00a0tomas.graf@fpf.slu.cz<\/a>
\nTelefon: +420 734 268 124<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rok 2021 je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 za n\u00e1mi a jist\u011b v\u00e1m z\u00a0n\u011bho utkv\u011blo n\u011bkolik vzpom\u00ednek na opravdu kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 \u00fakazy na obloze. Vid\u011bli jsme \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce, meteorick\u00fd roj Perseidy, \u010detn\u00e9 konjunkce Jupiteru a Saturnu s\u00a0M\u011bs\u00edcem a neposledn\u011b tak\u00e9 no\u010dn\u00ed sv\u00edt\u00edc\u00ed oblaky. Rok 2022 bude na \u00fakazy je\u0161t\u011b bohat\u0161\u00ed! Pod nebe n\u00e1s nal\u00e1kaj\u00ed \u010detn\u00e9 meteorick\u00e9 roje, je\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce (viditeln\u00e9 nad cel\u00fdm \u010desko-slovensk\u00fdm \u00fazem\u00edm), v\u0161ech 5 planet viditeln\u00fdch pouh\u00fdma o\u010dima najednou a v\u0161e zavr\u0161\u00ed vz\u00e1cn\u00fd z\u00e1kryt planety Mars M\u011bs\u00edcem v\u00a0\u00fapl\u0148ku, a to pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0okam\u017eik nejlep\u0161\u00ed viditelnosti \u201erud\u00e9 planety\u201c. M\u00e1me se tedy opravdu na co t\u011b\u0161it.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":1701,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","video_url":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[26,27,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1676","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktuality","category-clanky","category-ukazy"],"yoast_head":"\nPozoruhodn\u00e9 i vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 nebesk\u00e9 \u00fakazy v roce 2022 - Astro-novinky.eu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/12\/24\/pozoruhodne-i-vzacne-nebeske-ukazy-v-roce-2022\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pozoruhodn\u00e9 i vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 nebesk\u00e9 \u00fakazy v roce 2022 - Astro-novinky.eu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Rok 2021 je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 za n\u00e1mi a jist\u011b v\u00e1m z\u00a0n\u011bho utkv\u011blo n\u011bkolik vzpom\u00ednek na opravdu kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 \u00fakazy na obloze. 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Vid\u011bli jsme \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce, meteorick\u00fd roj Perseidy, \u010detn\u00e9 konjunkce Jupiteru a Saturnu s\u00a0M\u011bs\u00edcem a neposledn\u011b tak\u00e9 no\u010dn\u00ed sv\u00edt\u00edc\u00ed oblaky. Rok 2022 bude na \u00fakazy je\u0161t\u011b bohat\u0161\u00ed! Pod nebe n\u00e1s nal\u00e1kaj\u00ed \u010detn\u00e9 meteorick\u00e9 roje, je\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce (viditeln\u00e9 nad cel\u00fdm \u010desko-slovensk\u00fdm \u00fazem\u00edm), v\u0161ech 5 planet viditeln\u00fdch pouh\u00fdma o\u010dima najednou a v\u0161e zavr\u0161\u00ed vz\u00e1cn\u00fd z\u00e1kryt planety Mars M\u011bs\u00edcem v\u00a0\u00fapl\u0148ku, a to pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0okam\u017eik nejlep\u0161\u00ed viditelnosti \u201erud\u00e9 planety\u201c. M\u00e1me se tedy opravdu na co t\u011b\u0161it.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/12\/24\/pozoruhodne-i-vzacne-nebeske-ukazy-v-roce-2022\/","og_site_name":"Astro-novinky.eu","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/MinutkyZVesmiru","article_published_time":"2021-12-24T12:39:28+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-06-04T09:24:17+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":683,"url":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/2020_10_22_Orionids_Terna-novy-met_1500px-1024x683.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Petr Hor\u00e1lek","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Autor":"Petr Hor\u00e1lek","Predpokladan\u00fd \u010das \u010d\u00edtania":"34 min\u00fat"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/12\/24\/pozoruhodne-i-vzacne-nebeske-ukazy-v-roce-2022\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/12\/24\/pozoruhodne-i-vzacne-nebeske-ukazy-v-roce-2022\/"},"author":{"name":"Petr Hor\u00e1lek","@id":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/#\/schema\/person\/e08d879aff20f513b69449c64b529e81"},"headline":"Pozoruhodn\u00e9 i vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 nebesk\u00e9 \u00fakazy v roce 2022","datePublished":"2021-12-24T12:39:28+00:00","dateModified":"2023-06-04T09:24:17+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/12\/24\/pozoruhodne-i-vzacne-nebeske-ukazy-v-roce-2022\/"},"wordCount":6885,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/12\/24\/pozoruhodne-i-vzacne-nebeske-ukazy-v-roce-2022\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/2020_10_22_Orionids_Terna-novy-met_1500px.png","articleSection":["Aktuality","\u010cl\u00e1nky","\u00dakazy"],"inLanguage":"sk-SK"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/12\/24\/pozoruhodne-i-vzacne-nebeske-ukazy-v-roce-2022\/","url":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/12\/24\/pozoruhodne-i-vzacne-nebeske-ukazy-v-roce-2022\/","name":"Pozoruhodn\u00e9 i vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 nebesk\u00e9 \u00fakazy v roce 2022 - Astro-novinky.eu","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/12\/24\/pozoruhodne-i-vzacne-nebeske-ukazy-v-roce-2022\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/12\/24\/pozoruhodne-i-vzacne-nebeske-ukazy-v-roce-2022\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/2020_10_22_Orionids_Terna-novy-met_1500px.png","datePublished":"2021-12-24T12:39:28+00:00","dateModified":"2023-06-04T09:24:17+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/12\/24\/pozoruhodne-i-vzacne-nebeske-ukazy-v-roce-2022\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"sk-SK","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/12\/24\/pozoruhodne-i-vzacne-nebeske-ukazy-v-roce-2022\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"sk-SK","@id":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/12\/24\/pozoruhodne-i-vzacne-nebeske-ukazy-v-roce-2022\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/2020_10_22_Orionids_Terna-novy-met_1500px.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/2020_10_22_Orionids_Terna-novy-met_1500px.png","width":1500,"height":1000,"caption":"Maximum meteorick\u00e9ho roje Orionid v \u0159\u00edjnu 2020 nad pre\u0161ovsk\u00fdmi sopkami na v\u00fdchod\u011b Slovenska. 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Pracuje ve Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edm \u00fastavu v Opav\u011b.","url":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/author\/horalek\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1676","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1676"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1676\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2113,"href":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1676\/revisions\/2113"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1701"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1676"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1676"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1676"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}