{"id":1188,"date":"2021-05-24T13:27:31","date_gmt":"2021-05-24T11:27:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/?p=1188"},"modified":"2021-05-24T17:56:12","modified_gmt":"2021-05-24T15:56:12","slug":"ceka-nas-nejvetsi-uplnek-roku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/05\/24\/ceka-nas-nejvetsi-uplnek-roku\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010cek\u00e1 n\u00e1s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fapln\u011bk roku"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"V\u00fdchod<\/a>
V\u00fdchod kv\u011btnov\u00e9ho \u00fapl\u0148ku za Kun\u011btickou horou u Pardubic. Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ve st\u0159edu 26. kv\u011btna ve 3:53 r\u00e1no nastane \u00fahlov\u011b nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fapln\u011bk tohoto roku, tzv. super\u00fapln\u011bk. Podle folkl\u00f3ru naz\u00fdvan\u00fd rovn\u011b\u017e \u201ekv\u011btinov\u00fd\u201c, nebo\u0165 nast\u00e1v\u00e1 v obdob\u00ed jara a rozkvetl\u00e9 fl\u00f3ry. Bude dokonce o cca 85 km bl\u00ed\u017ee ne\u017e ten p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed dubnov\u00fd. F\u00e1ze samotn\u00e9ho \u00fapl\u0148ku pak nastane ji\u017e pod obzorem, a to ve 13:15 na\u0161eho letn\u00edho \u010dasu. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b tak\u00e9 nastane \u00fapln\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edce (kter\u00e9 bohu\u017eel od n\u00e1s neuvid\u00edme), d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e si tento \u00fapln\u011bk odnese rovn\u011b\u017e p\u0159\u00edvlastek \u201ekrvav\u00fd\u201c.<\/p>\n

Kdy bude nejbl\u00ed\u017ee?<\/h4>\n

Kv\u011btnov\u00fd super\u00fapln\u011bk bude podle such\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di \u010d\u00edsel t\u00edm nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm v roce 2021. Nastane 26. kv\u011btna ve 13:15 st\u0159edoevropsk\u00e9ho letn\u00edho \u010dasu, ale M\u011bs\u00edc se k n\u00e1m p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed nejv\u00edce u\u017e ve 3:53 r\u00e1no. Jeho v\u016fbec nejt\u011bsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed k Zemi se tedy odehraje o n\u011bco d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e \u00fapln\u011bk \u00fapln\u011bk samotn\u00fd. Od n\u00e1s bude vzd\u00e1len\u00fd 357 309 km a pokud si tedy chcete po\u010d\u00edhat na nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed \u00fapln\u011bk leto\u0161n\u00edho roku, po\u010dkejte si na z\u00e1pad M\u011bs\u00edce okolo \u010dtvrt\u00e9 r\u00e1no 26. kv\u011btna.<\/p>\n

\u201eKrvav\u00fd\u201c u n\u00e1s nebude<\/h4>\n
\"Multiexpozice<\/a>
Multiexpozice pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u00fapln\u00e9ho zatm\u011bn\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edce v lednu 2018 nad Thajskem, kdy nastal z\u00e1rove\u0148 „super\u00fapln\u011bk“. Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

U nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edho \u00fapl\u0148ku se setk\u00e1v\u00e1me v anglicky psan\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch s faktem, \u017ee M\u011bs\u00edc bude \u201ekrvav\u00fd\u201c. To se n\u00e1s bohu\u017eel net\u00fdk\u00e1. Ozna\u010den\u00ed \u201ekrvav\u00fd superm\u011bs\u00edc\u201c (z angl. \u201eBlood Supermoon\u201c) vych\u00e1z\u00ed z faktu, \u017ee b\u011bhem maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed f\u00e1ze \u00fapl\u0148ku, kter\u00e1 u n\u00e1s nebude vid\u011bt, prob\u011bhne tak\u00e9 p\u0159ekr\u00e1sn\u00fd \u00fakaz – \u00fapln\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edce. B\u011bhem n\u011bho M\u011bs\u00edc prostupuje zemsk\u00fdm st\u00ednem, a proto\u017ee na n\u011bj z\u00e1rove\u0148 dopadaj\u00ed slab\u00e9 pozemsk\u00e9 \u010derv\u00e1nky l\u00e1man\u00e9 zemskou atmosf\u00e9rou do vnit\u0159ku zemsk\u00e9ho st\u00ednu, M\u011bs\u00edc chytne nezvykl\u00e9 na\u010dervenal\u00e9 zabarven\u00ed. F\u00e1ze \u00fapln\u00e9ho zatm\u011bn\u00ed prob\u011bhne nad obzorem zejm\u00e9na v Oce\u00e1nii, ale tak\u00e9 n\u00edzko nad obzorem na z\u00e1pad\u011b USA nebo na v\u00fdchod\u011b Asie. Potrv\u00e1 jen 14 a p\u016fl minuty. Dal\u0161\u00ed „krvav\u00fd superm\u011bs\u00edc“ se odehraje 8. \u0159\u00edjna 2033 (u n\u00e1s ale pod obzorem). V \u010cesku se „krvav\u00e9ho superm\u011bs\u00edce“ do\u010dk\u00e1me a\u017e 19. \u0159\u00edjna 2051.<\/p>\n

Pokud ale podm\u00ednky pop\u0159ej\u00ed (nebude ve vzduchu smog a prach), M\u011bs\u00edc bude na\u010dervenal\u00fd zejm\u00e9na b\u011bhem jeho v\u00fdchodu ve\u010der 26. kv\u011btna, a to kv\u016fli jin\u00e9mu \u00fakazu – zeslaben\u00ed jeho svitu n\u00edzko nad obzorem zemskou atmosf\u00e9rou. Podobn\u011b jako kdy\u017e zapad\u00e1 Slunce a postupn\u011b sl\u00e1bne a \u010derven\u00e1. V dob\u011b v\u00fdchodu M\u011bs\u00edce ve\u010der 26. kv\u011btna (u\u017e tedy po \u00fapl\u0148ku i po maxim\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed) se bude M\u011bs\u00edc nad obzor „zvedat“ n\u011bjak\u00fdch 20 minut po z\u00e1padu Slunce (okolo 21:20 – \u010das v\u00fdchodu se li\u0161\u00ed podle va\u0161\u00ed polohy v \u010cesku), a bude tedy ji\u017e dost kontrastn\u00ed. \u010c\u00edm v\u00fd\u0161e se bude nach\u00e1zet, t\u00edm jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed bude a jeho odst\u00edn se bude m\u011bnit p\u0159es na\u017eloutlou do jasn\u00e9 b\u00edl\u00e9 barvy.<\/p>\n

Super\u00fapln\u011bk bez definice<\/h4>\n
\"Grafick\u00e9<\/a>
Grafick\u00e9 porovn\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fahlov\u011b nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho a nejmen\u0161\u00edho \u00fapl\u0148ku v roce. Autor: Pavel Gabzdyl.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Je t\u0159eba uv\u00e9st na pravou m\u00edru je\u0161t\u011b jednu podstatnou informaci: superm\u011bs\u00edc (ani super\u00fapln\u011bk) nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm ofici\u00e1ln\u00edm astronomick\u00fdm term\u00ednem. Poprv\u00e9 toto ozna\u010den\u00ed pou\u017eil astrolog (ano, astrolog, ne astronom!) Richard Nolle v roce 1979. Superm\u011bs\u00edc \u201edefinoval\u201c jako nov nebo \u00fapln\u011bk, kter\u00fd nast\u00e1v\u00e1 ve vzd\u00e1lenosti men\u0161\u00ed nebo rovnaj\u00edc\u00ed se 90 % jeho nejmen\u0161\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti od Zem\u011b na dan\u00e9 ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze. Pro\u010d si v\u0161ak zvolil zrovna 90 procent, nikdo netu\u0161\u00ed. Tam, kde nen\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00e1 definice, nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ani jednozna\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdsledek. Za referen\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edzem\u00ed a odzem\u00ed si toti\u017e m\u016f\u017eete vybrat hned n\u011bkolik hodnot. Mohou to b\u00fdt nap\u0159\u00edklad nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed v dan\u00e9m roce nebo nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed p\u0159i aktu\u00e1ln\u00edm ob\u011bhu. Proto se ani astronomov\u00e9 neshodnou na tom, kter\u00fd \u00fapln\u011bk je\u0161t\u011b \u201esuper\u201c je a kter\u00fd u\u017e ne.<\/p>\n

\u201eSuper\u201c \u010di ne, v\u017edy je kr\u00e1sn\u00fd na obzoru<\/h4>\n
\"Velk\u00fd<\/a>
Velk\u00fd M\u011bs\u00edc nad obzorem. Foto: Tom\u00e1\u0161 Slovinsk\u00fd.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

A\u010dkoliv je rozd\u00edl \u00fahlov\u00e9 velikosti M\u011bs\u00edce v \u00fapl\u0148ku v p\u0159\u00edzem\u00ed a odzem\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b zanedbateln\u00fd (viz zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd pokus s mincemi) a \u010din\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u011b n\u011bjak\u00fdch 15 % rozd\u00edlu, pohled na vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed \u010di zapadaj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fapln\u011bk stoj\u00ed za to. V\u011bdomi jsou si to toho zejm\u00e9na fotografov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se sna\u017e\u00ed \u00fapl\u0148ky zaznamen\u00e1vat v \u00fahlov\u011b bl\u00edzkosti kulturn\u00edch pam\u00e1tek \u010di i se vzd\u00e1len\u00fdmi lidmi. P\u0159i pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed pouh\u00fdm okem se nav\u00edc M\u011bs\u00edc skute\u010dn\u011b zd\u00e1 velk\u00fd, ov\u0161em to je d\u00e1no optickou iluz\u00ed. Lidsk\u00fd mozek m\u00e1 toti\u017e tendenci vid\u011bn\u00fd obraz M\u011bs\u00edce porovn\u00e1vat s objekty na obzoru \u2013 a \u010d\u00edm jsou objekty vzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, t\u00edm se M\u011bs\u00edc jev\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed. Kdy\u017e bychom ale po\u010dkali, a\u017e se \u00fapln\u011bk \u201eodpout\u00e1\u201c od obzoru a vystoup\u00e1 vysoko nad n\u011bj, u\u017e jeho velikost nem\u00e1me s \u010d\u00edm porovnat a zd\u00e1 se proto men\u0161\u00ed. \u017de je stejn\u011b \u00fahlov\u011b velk\u00fd jak na obzoru, tak vysoko nad n\u00edm, se m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit pr\u00e1v\u011b fotograficky. Co ale re\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159i v\u00fdchodu (a z\u00e1padu) nast\u00e1v\u00e1 M\u011bs\u00edce, je jeho optick\u00e9 zplo\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Za n\u00edm stoj\u00ed zemsk\u00e1 atmosf\u00e9ra.<\/p>\n

Auto\u0159i a dal\u0161\u00ed informace:<\/h4>\n

Bc. Petr Hor\u00e1lek<\/strong>
\nFyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav SU v Opav\u011b<\/em>
\nEmail:\u00a0petr.horalek@slu.cz
\n<\/a>Telefon: +420\u202f732\u202f826\u202f853<\/p>\n

Mgr. Pavel Gabzdyl
\n<\/strong>Spisovatel, fotograf, populariz\u00e1tor astronomie<\/em>
\nAutor port\u00e1lu Neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fd M\u011bs\u00edc<\/a>
\nFacebook: www.fb.com\/prohlidka.mesice<\/a>
\nEmail: p.gabzdyl@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ve st\u0159edu 26. kv\u011btna ve 3:53 r\u00e1no nastane \u00fahlov\u011b nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fapln\u011bk tohoto roku, tzv. super\u00fapln\u011bk. Podle folkl\u00f3ru naz\u00fdvan\u00fd rovn\u011b\u017e „kv\u011btinov\u00fd“, nebo\u0165 nast\u00e1v\u00e1 v obdob\u00ed jara a rozkvetl\u00e9 fl\u00f3ry. Bude dokonce o cca 85 km bl\u00ed\u017ee ne\u017e ten p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed dubnov\u00fd. F\u00e1ze samotn\u00e9ho \u00fapl\u0148ku pak nastane ji\u017e pod obzorem, a to ve 13:15 na\u0161eho letn\u00edho \u010dasu. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b tak\u00e9 nastane \u00fapln\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edce, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e si tento \u00fapln\u011bk odnese rovn\u011b\u017e p\u0159\u00edvlastek „krvav\u00fd“.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":913,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[26,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1188","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktuality","category-ukazy"],"yoast_head":"\n\u010cek\u00e1 n\u00e1s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fapln\u011bk roku - Astro-novinky.eu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/05\/24\/ceka-nas-nejvetsi-uplnek-roku\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u010cek\u00e1 n\u00e1s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fapln\u011bk roku - Astro-novinky.eu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ve st\u0159edu 26. kv\u011btna ve 3:53 r\u00e1no nastane \u00fahlov\u011b nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fapln\u011bk tohoto roku, tzv. super\u00fapln\u011bk. Podle folkl\u00f3ru naz\u00fdvan\u00fd rovn\u011b\u017e "kv\u011btinov\u00fd", nebo\u0165 nast\u00e1v\u00e1 v obdob\u00ed jara a rozkvetl\u00e9 fl\u00f3ry. Bude dokonce o cca 85 km bl\u00ed\u017ee ne\u017e ten p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed dubnov\u00fd. F\u00e1ze samotn\u00e9ho \u00fapl\u0148ku pak nastane ji\u017e pod obzorem, a to ve 13:15 na\u0161eho letn\u00edho \u010dasu. 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