{"id":1107,"date":"2021-05-17T20:45:27","date_gmt":"2021-05-17T18:45:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/?p=1107"},"modified":"2021-05-31T18:25:38","modified_gmt":"2021-05-31T16:25:38","slug":"planeta-merkur-ma-ohon-vypada-jako-kometa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/05\/17\/planeta-merkur-ma-ohon-vypada-jako-kometa\/","title":{"rendered":"Planeta Merkur m\u00e1 ohon. Vypad\u00e1 jako kometa"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_1110\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1110\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/MercuryTail_Alessandrini_960.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1110\" src=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/MercuryTail_Alessandrini_960-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Ohon Merkuru p\u0159es speci\u00e1ln\u00ed filtr. Zachyceno 5. kv\u011btna 2021. Foto: Andrea Alessandrini.\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/MercuryTail_Alessandrini_960-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/MercuryTail_Alessandrini_960-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/MercuryTail_Alessandrini_960.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1110\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ohon Merkuru p\u0159es speci\u00e1ln\u00ed filtr. Zachyceno 5. kv\u011btna 2021. Foto: Andrea Alessandrini.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Planeta Merkur se dostala v\u00a0posledn\u00edch dnech do st\u0159edu pozornosti d\u00edky jej\u00ed prchav\u011b p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 viditelnosti na ve\u010dern\u00ed obloze. Tato viditelnost pozvolna kon\u010d\u00ed, ov\u0161em nese si s\u00a0sebou jeden nezvykl\u00fd miln\u00edk \u2013 mnoha pozorovatel\u016fm se krom\u011b samotn\u00e9 planety objevil na fotografi\u00edch tak\u00e9 ohon, kter\u00fd planeta p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011b \u201enat\u00e1hla\u201c. Ohon je zp\u016fsoben st\u00e1l\u00fdm tlakem slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed na nesm\u00edrn\u011b \u0159\u00eddkou atmosf\u00e9ru Merkuru, kter\u00e1 takto okam\u017eit\u011b unik\u00e1 do vesm\u00edru ve sm\u011bru od Slunce. Za viditelnost\u00ed ohonu pak stoj\u00ed sod\u00edk, kter\u00fd nejv\u00edce rozptyluje slune\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Planeta Merkur je nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed planetou ke Slunci<\/strong>. Jej\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011br \u010din\u00ed 4 879 kilometr\u016f a na\u0161i mate\u0159skou hv\u011bzdu ob\u00edh\u00e1 po prot\u00e1hl\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze ve vzd\u00e1lenosti mezi 46 a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 70 miliony kilometry. Merkur je na povrchu velmi podobn\u00fd na\u0161emu M\u011bs\u00edci \u2013 zvr\u00e1sn\u011bny dopady meteorit\u016f, kter\u00e9 na n\u011bm zanechaly nespo\u010det kr\u00e1ter\u016f. Navzdory mal\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti od Slunce je Merkur tak\u00e9 vlastn\u00edkem atmosf\u00e9ry. Ta je ov\u0161em nesm\u00edrn\u011b \u0159\u00eddk\u00e1, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nedetekovateln\u00e1. P\u0159esto Merkur sv\u016fj plynn\u00fd obal m\u00e1, tvo\u0159en\u00fd je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z\u00a0drasl\u00edku (t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 32 %), sod\u00edku (25 %), kysl\u00edku (10 %) a dal\u0161\u00edch leh\u010d\u00edch prvk\u016f a vodn\u00edch par. A pr\u00e1v\u011b pod n\u00e1porem siln\u00e9ho slune\u010dn\u00edho v\u011btru je Merkurova atmosf\u00e9ra prakticky neust\u00e1le \u201eodfouk\u00e1v\u00e1na\u201c do meziplanet\u00e1rn\u00edho prostoru.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1108\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1108\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/andrea-alessandrini-IMGP1901combi-copy_1620943743.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1108\" src=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/andrea-alessandrini-IMGP1901combi-copy_1620943743-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Merkur a M\u011bs\u00edc 13. kv\u011btna. Ve v\u00fd\u0159ezu je Merkur s ohonem p\u0159es speci\u00e1ln\u00ed sod\u00edkov\u00fd filtr. D\u00e9lka ohonu dosahuje a\u017e 1\u00b0. Foto: Andrea Alessandrini.\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/andrea-alessandrini-IMGP1901combi-copy_1620943743-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/andrea-alessandrini-IMGP1901combi-copy_1620943743-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/andrea-alessandrini-IMGP1901combi-copy_1620943743-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/andrea-alessandrini-IMGP1901combi-copy_1620943743.jpg 1316w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1108\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Merkur a M\u011bs\u00edc 13. kv\u011btna. Ve v\u00fd\u0159ezu je Merkur s ohonem p\u0159es speci\u00e1ln\u00ed sod\u00edkov\u00fd filtr. D\u00e9lka ohonu dosahuje a\u017e 1\u00b0. Foto: Andrea Alessandrini.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Ohon planety Merkur dosahuje d\u00e9lky v\u00edce jak 24 milion\u016f kilometr\u016f<\/strong>. Poprv\u00e9 se o jeho existenci uva\u017eovalo u\u017e v\u00a080. letech minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, ale \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b jej astronomov\u00e9 detektovali a\u017e v\u00a0roce 2001. L\u00e9pe jej pak prostudovala dru\u017eice MESSENGER mezi lety 2011 a 2015, kdy\u017e planetu ob\u00edhala v\u00a0t\u011bsn\u00e9 bl\u00edzkosti. To, co \u010din\u00ed Merkur\u016fv ohon viditeln\u00fdm, jsou p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm atomy sod\u00edku, kter\u00e9 oproti ostatn\u00edm prvk\u016fm v\u00a0\u0159\u00eddk\u00e9 Merkurov\u011b atmosf\u00e9\u0159e dob\u0159e rozptyluj\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, a to konkr\u00e9tn\u011b ve vlnov\u00e9 d\u00e9lce 589 nanometr\u016f (oran\u017eov\u011b-\u017elut\u00fd odst\u00edn).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Z\u00a0d\u016fvod\u016f tzv. Dopplerova jevu<\/strong> (tedy jevu, kdy se m\u011bn\u00ed vlnov\u00e1 d\u00e9lka z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed kv\u016fli zm\u011bn\u011b vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 rychlosti pozorovatele v\u016f\u010di t\u011blesu) se posouvaj\u00ed absorp\u010dn\u00ed linie sod\u00edku ve spektru Slunce, a tedy <strong>v\u00a0ur\u010dit\u00e9m obdob\u00ed<\/strong> <strong>je sod\u00edkov\u00fd ohon zcela neviditeln\u00fd<\/strong>. Nejl\u00e9pe lze Merkur\u016fv ohon pozorovat zhruba 16 dn\u00ed p\u0159ed pr\u016fchodem planety p\u0159\u00edslun\u00edm anebo a\u017e 16 dn\u00ed po n\u011bm. Takov\u00e9 obdob\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b nastalo a lid\u00e9 se proto mohli pokusit o neb\u00fdvale \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed Merkurova ohonu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed Merkurova ohonu zaj\u00edm\u00e1 astronomy i z\u00a0jin\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu<\/strong>: Jeho pozorov\u00e1n\u00edm v r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010dasech na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze planety se m\u016f\u017eeme dozv\u011bd\u011bt sez\u00f3nn\u00ed zm\u011bny v\u00a0\u010d\u00e1sti Merkurovy atmosf\u00e9ry, a to s\u00a0ohledem na p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti na Slunci, jako jsou slune\u010dn\u00ed erupce a v\u00fdrony koron\u00e1ln\u00ed hmoty.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><strong>Video: Sez\u00f3nn\u00ed v\u00fdvoj Merkurova ohonu. Zdroj: NASA\/GSFC\/Matthew Burger.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Mercury&#039;s Sodium Tail\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/547356001?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"700\" height=\"700\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><strong>A\u010dkoliv Merkur\u016fv ohon toto \u010din\u00ed z\u00a0planety s\u00a0jistou nads\u00e1zkou nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed kometu Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy, Merkura se vzhledem \u201evlasatice\u201c p\u0159i b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed o\u010dima nespat\u0159\u00edme<\/strong>. Planetu lze obecn\u011b vid\u011bt v\u00a0obdob\u00edch jej\u00ed prchav\u00e9 viditelnosti na obloze relativn\u011b snadno \u2013 b\u00fdv\u00e1 jako st\u0159edn\u011b jasn\u00fd bodov\u00fd objekt pozorovateln\u00e1 za soumraku anebo o n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed pozd\u011bji zase za rozb\u0159esku. Samotn\u00fd ohon je ale velice slab\u00fd, prakticky se na pozemsk\u00e9 obloze vytr\u00e1c\u00ed. K\u00a0jeho odhalen\u00ed astronomov\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed \u00fazkop\u00e1smov\u00e9 filtry propou\u0161t\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed sv\u011btlo pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0on\u00e9 oran\u017eovo-\u017elut\u00e9 oblasti.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dal\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mem je pochopiteln\u011b sv\u011bteln\u00e9 zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed z\u00a0m\u011bst<\/strong> \u2013 \u010d\u00e1st m\u011bstsk\u00e9ho osv\u011btlen\u00ed sv\u00edt\u00ed ve velice bl\u00edzk\u00e9 barv\u011b jako Merkur\u016fv ohon, a tak je pot\u0159eba \u201elovit\u201c daleko od aglomerac\u00ed. V\u00a0t\u011bchto dnech byl ov\u0161em ohon tak v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b jasn\u00fd, \u017ee se objevilo i fotografick\u00e9 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed bez pou\u017eit\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00edho filtru. Na zachycen\u00ed fotografov\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed dlouh\u00e9 expozice a objektivy s\u00a0velkou ohniskovou vzd\u00e1lenost\u00ed (alespo\u0148 300 mm), nebo\u0165 ohon je na pozemsk\u00e9 obloze za dokonal\u00fdch podm\u00ednek zpravidla dlouh\u00fd jen asi 1\u00b0 &#8211; tedy jako dva m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed \u00fapl\u0148ky vedle sebe. Merkurova nejlep\u0161\u00ed viditelnost ji\u017e kon\u010d\u00ed, dal\u0161\u00ed obdob\u00ed n\u00e1s \u010dek\u00e1 na \u010dervencov\u00e9 rann\u00ed obloze (n\u00edzko za rozb\u0159esku) a dobr\u00e9 obdob\u00ed k\u00a0jeho spat\u0159en\u00ed nastane a\u017e v\u00a0\u0159\u00edjnu tohoto roku (op\u011bt r\u00e1no za rozb\u0159esku).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1118\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1118\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2021_05_17_Merkur_Ohon_Sec_ctverec_1500px_n.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1118\" src=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2021_05_17_Merkur_Ohon_Sec_ctverec_1500px_n-1024x1024.png\" alt=\"N\u00e1znak ohonu Merkuru (ve v\u00fd\u0159ezu) zachycen 17. kv\u011btna i z \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky, a to u Se\u010dsk\u00e9 p\u0159ehrady. Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek\/F\u00da v Opav\u011b.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2021_05_17_Merkur_Ohon_Sec_ctverec_1500px_n-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2021_05_17_Merkur_Ohon_Sec_ctverec_1500px_n-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2021_05_17_Merkur_Ohon_Sec_ctverec_1500px_n-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2021_05_17_Merkur_Ohon_Sec_ctverec_1500px_n-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2021_05_17_Merkur_Ohon_Sec_ctverec_1500px_n-1320x1320.png 1320w, https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2021_05_17_Merkur_Ohon_Sec_ctverec_1500px_n.png 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1118\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">N\u00e1znak ohonu Merkuru (ve v\u00fd\u0159ezu) zachycen 17. kv\u011btna i z \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky, a to u Se\u010dsk\u00e9 p\u0159ehrady. Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek\/F\u00da v Opav\u011b.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1109\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1109\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/PAUL-ROBINSON-MercuryTailMay10-11-12-2021_1621099859.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1109\" src=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/PAUL-ROBINSON-MercuryTailMay10-11-12-2021_1621099859-1024x506.png\" alt=\"Merkur\u016fv ohon zachycen\u00fd v pr\u016fb\u011bhu posledn\u00edch dn\u016f i bez speci\u00e1ln\u00edho filtru. Foto: Paul Robinson.\" width=\"800\" height=\"395\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/PAUL-ROBINSON-MercuryTailMay10-11-12-2021_1621099859-1024x506.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/PAUL-ROBINSON-MercuryTailMay10-11-12-2021_1621099859-300x148.png 300w, https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/PAUL-ROBINSON-MercuryTailMay10-11-12-2021_1621099859-768x379.png 768w, https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/PAUL-ROBINSON-MercuryTailMay10-11-12-2021_1621099859-1320x652.png 1320w, https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/PAUL-ROBINSON-MercuryTailMay10-11-12-2021_1621099859.png 1351w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1109\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Merkur\u016fv ohon zachycen\u00fd v pr\u016fb\u011bhu posledn\u00edch dn\u016f i bez speci\u00e1ln\u00edho filtru. Foto: Paul Robinson.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h4>Zdroje:<\/h4>\n<p>[1] <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mercurys-sodium-tail\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Science.NASA.gov<\/a><br \/>\n[2] <a href=\"https:\/\/spaceweatherarchive.com\/2021\/05\/10\/the-sodium-tail-of-mercury\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Spaceweather.com<\/a><br \/>\n[3] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission_pages\/messenger\/media\/seven-things.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA: Mise MESSENGER<\/a><br \/>\n[4] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/the-tail-of-mercury\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ScienceAlert.com<\/a><\/p>\n<h4>Kontakty a dal\u0161\u00ed informace:<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Bc. Petr Hor\u00e1lek<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav SU v Opav\u011b<\/em><br \/>\nEmail:\u00a0<a href=\"mailto:petr.horalek@slu.cz\">petr.horalek@slu.cz<br \/>\n<\/a>Telefon: +420\u202f732\u202f826\u202f853<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Planeta Merkur se dostala v\u00a0posledn\u00edch dnech do st\u0159edu pozornosti d\u00edky jej\u00ed prchav\u011b p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 viditelnosti na ve\u010dern\u00ed obloze. Tato viditelnost pozvolna kon\u010d\u00ed, ov\u0161em nese si s\u00a0sebou jeden nezvykl\u00fd miln\u00edk \u2013 mnoha pozorovatel\u016fm se krom\u011b samotn\u00e9 planety objevil na fotografi\u00edch tak\u00e9 ohon, kter\u00fd planeta p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011b \u201enat\u00e1hla\u201c. Ohon je zp\u016fsoben st\u00e1l\u00fdm tlakem slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed na nesm\u00edrn\u011b \u0159\u00eddkou atmosf\u00e9ru Merkuru, kter\u00e1 takto okam\u017eit\u011b unik\u00e1 do vesm\u00edru ve sm\u011bru od Slunce. Za viditelnost\u00ed ohonu pak stoj\u00ed sod\u00edk, kter\u00fd nejv\u00edce rozptyluje slune\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":1211,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[26,29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1107","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktuality","category-vesmir"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Planeta Merkur m\u00e1 ohon. Vypad\u00e1 jako kometa - Astro-novinky.eu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/2021\/05\/17\/planeta-merkur-ma-ohon-vypada-jako-kometa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Planeta Merkur m\u00e1 ohon. Vypad\u00e1 jako kometa - Astro-novinky.eu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Planeta Merkur se dostala v\u00a0posledn\u00edch dnech do st\u0159edu pozornosti d\u00edky jej\u00ed prchav\u011b p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 viditelnosti na ve\u010dern\u00ed obloze. Tato viditelnost pozvolna kon\u010d\u00ed, ov\u0161em nese si s\u00a0sebou jeden nezvykl\u00fd miln\u00edk \u2013 mnoha pozorovatel\u016fm se krom\u011b samotn\u00e9 planety objevil na fotografi\u00edch tak\u00e9 ohon, kter\u00fd planeta p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011b \u201enat\u00e1hla\u201c. Ohon je zp\u016fsoben st\u00e1l\u00fdm tlakem slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed na nesm\u00edrn\u011b \u0159\u00eddkou atmosf\u00e9ru Merkuru, kter\u00e1 takto okam\u017eit\u011b unik\u00e1 do vesm\u00edru ve sm\u011bru od Slunce. 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