{"id":1634,"date":"2021-11-20T19:26:59","date_gmt":"2021-11-20T18:26:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/?page_id=1634"},"modified":"2022-10-10T13:43:37","modified_gmt":"2022-10-10T11:43:37","slug":"zatmeni-slunce-25-rijna-2022-nad-ceskem-a-slovenskem","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.astro-novinky.eu\/index.php\/zatmeni-slunce-25-rijna-2022-nad-ceskem-a-slovenskem\/","title":{"rendered":"Zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce 25. \u0159\u00edjna 2022 nad \u010ceskem a Slovenskem"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Mozaika<\/a>
Mozaika \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9ho zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce. Foto: P. Hor\u00e1lek\/F\u00da v Opav\u011b.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Na poledn\u00ed obloze 25. \u0159\u00edjna 2022 se na n\u00e1s \u201eusm\u011bje\u201c Slunce p\u0159i jeho v\u00fdrazn\u00e9m zatm\u011bn\u00ed.<\/strong> Bude jen \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9, ale provedou jej p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 pozorovac\u00ed podm\u00ednky. \u010cesko i Slovensko se bude nach\u00e1zet v oblasti, kde \u00fakaz dos\u00e1hne v\u00edce jak 40 % z\u00e1krytu slune\u010dn\u00edho disku M\u011bs\u00edcem. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zatm\u011bn\u00ed se odehraje Rusku, i tak bude ale jen \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 (maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed zakryt\u00ed 86 % slune\u010dn\u00edho disku). \u00dakaz uvid\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161ina Evropan\u016f (vyjma Portugalska) a velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st obyvatel D\u00e1ln\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu. Na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesko-Slovenska bude viditeln\u00e9 okolo poledne, tedy v pr\u016fb\u011bhu dne prakticky nejv\u00fd\u0161e nad obzorem (v\u00edce jak 25\u00b0 vysoko).<\/p>\n

Cel\u00fd \u00fakaz potrv\u00e1 v\u00edce jak dv\u011b hodiny<\/strong> a pozorovat jej bude mo\u017en\u00e9 pouh\u00fdma o\u010dima (p\u0159es bezpe\u010dn\u00fd filtr<\/strong> – viz n\u00ed\u017ee). Jist\u011b bude prob\u00edhat pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed i na \u010desk\u00fdch a slovensk\u00fdch hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u00e1ch, nicm\u00e9n\u011b m\u016f\u017eete se na n\u011bj pod\u00edvat i sami z pohodl\u00ed va\u0161eho domova. Pochopiteln\u011b zku\u0161en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pozorovatel\u00e9 jej mohou zkusit zachytit i fotograficky nebo na video.<\/p>\n

T\u00edmto \u00fakazem tak\u00e9 pokra\u010duje bohat\u00e9 obdob\u00ed na slune\u010dn\u00ed zatm\u011bn\u00ed viditeln\u00e1 v \u010cesku a na Slovensku v v t\u00e9to dek\u00e1d\u011b. Do roku 2030 se do\u010dk\u00e1me je\u0161t\u011b 5 dal\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00fdch zatm\u011bn\u00ed, nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed bude v srpnu roku 2026. Dal\u0161\u00ed zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce z \u010ceska a Slovenska uvid\u00edme u\u017e 29. b\u0159ezna 2025<\/a> a bude op\u011bt \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9, s maxim\u00e1ln\u00edm zakryt\u00edm okolo 22 procent na severoz\u00e1pad\u011b \u010cech.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ej\u00edt na:<\/h4>\n
\u2192 Co je to zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce?<\/a><\/strong>
\n\u2192 Pr\u016fb\u011bh \u00fakazu nad \u010ceskem a Slovenskem<\/a><\/strong>
\n\u2192 Bezpe\u010dnost p\u0159i pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce<\/a>
\n\u2192 Zaj\u00edmavosti k zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce 25. \u0159\u00edjna aneb V\u011bd\u011bli jste, \u017ee…?<\/a><\/strong>
\n\u2192 Pr\u016fb\u011bh zatm\u011bn\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b<\/a><\/strong>
\n\u2192 Dal\u0161\u00ed informace a zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 odkazy<\/a><\/strong><\/h5>\n

<\/a>Co je to zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce?<\/h4>\n
\"Jak<\/a>
Jak vznik\u00e1 prstencov\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce. Zdroj: P. Hor\u00e1lek\/Tajemn\u00e1 zatm\u011bn<\/a>\u00ed.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce nastane v okam\u017eiku<\/strong>, kdy se mezi pozorovatele a Slunce prom\u00edtne M\u011bs\u00edc v novu a oslniv\u00fd slune\u010dn\u00ed disk \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b nebo zcela zakryje. Proto\u017ee M\u011bs\u00edc ob\u00edh\u00e1 na\u0161i planetu po dr\u00e1ze m\u00edrn\u011b odklon\u011bn\u00e9 od roviny zemsk\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy (ta odchylka je asi 5\u00b0), \u010dast\u011bji M\u011bs\u00edc v novu slune\u010dn\u00ed disk na denn\u00edm nebi mine a k \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu zatm\u011bn\u00ed nedojde. Jen zhruba jednou za p\u016fl roku se M\u011bs\u00edc v novu dostane na sv\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze velmi bl\u00edzko pomysln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edmky mezi Zem\u00ed a Sluncem a n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 na Zemi tak mohou pozorovat k\u00fd\u017een\u00fd \u00fakaz.<\/p>\n

Proto\u017ee M\u011bs\u00edc ob\u00edh\u00e1 po m\u00edrn\u011b prot\u00e1hl\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze, nen\u00ed v\u017edy stejn\u011b daleko od Zem\u011b. Zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce tak nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt nutn\u011b jen \u00fapln\u00e9<\/strong>, n\u00fdbr\u017e tak\u00e9 pouh\u00e9 prstencov\u00e9<\/strong> (M\u011bs\u00edc le\u017e\u00ed d\u00e1l, jev\u00ed se \u00fahlov\u011b men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e Slunce a na\u0161i hv\u011bzdu nezakryje dokonale). V obou p\u0159\u00edpadech je ale \u00fakaz pozorovateln\u00fd jen z \u00fazk\u00e9ho p\u00e1su na Zemi, kam zrovna dopad\u00e1 hrot m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edho st\u00ednu. Tento p\u00e1s m\u00e1 \u0161\u00ed\u0159ku maxim\u00e1ln\u011b n\u011bkolika stovek kilometr\u016f.<\/p>\n

Pokud se pozorovatel nach\u00e1z\u00ed mimo p\u00e1s zatm\u011bn\u00ed (anebo tento p\u00e1s nedos\u00e1hne zemsk\u00e9ho povrchu), uvid\u00ed jen \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9<\/strong> zatm\u011bn\u00ed. Tmav\u00fd m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed disk zakryje jen \u010d\u00e1st toho slune\u010dn\u00edho. \u010c\u00edm d\u00e1le se pak pozorovatel nach\u00e1z\u00ed od p\u00e1su \u00fapln\u00e9ho \u010di prstencov\u00e9ho zatm\u011bn\u00ed, t\u00edm men\u0161\u00ed procento Slunce je b\u011bhem \u00fakazu zakryto. Oblast viditelnosti \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9ho zatm\u011bn\u00ed nepokr\u00fdv\u00e1 nikdy celou zemskou polokouli, kde je zrovna den, a tedy ani \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed nen\u00ed b\u011bhem konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho \u00fakazu viditeln\u00e9 \u00fapln\u011b v\u0161ude. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zatm\u011bn\u00ed 25. \u0159\u00edjna 2022<\/strong> jde o zatm\u011bn\u00ed pouze \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 a oblast viditelnost\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9ho zatm\u011bn\u00ed zasahuje i do st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy, tedy do \u010ceska a Slovenska (bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed informace n\u00ed\u017ee). V \u010cesku a na Slovensku bude toto zatm\u011bn\u00ed tedy rovn\u011b\u017e jen \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/a>Pr\u016fb\u011bh \u00fakazu nad \u010ceskem a Slovenskem<\/h4>\n
\"Pr\u016fb\u011bh<\/a>
Pr\u016fb\u011bh zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce 10. \u010dervna 2021 v Praze. Autor: P. Hor\u00e1lek\/Stellarium\/Tajemn\u00e1 zatm\u011bn\u00ed<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u00dakaz za\u010dne nejd\u0159\u00edve v \u010cesku okolo 11:11 SEL\u010c, kdy se z prav\u00e9ho kraje za\u010dne do slune\u010dn\u00edho disku „zakusovat“ silueta tmav\u00e9ho M\u011bs\u00edce v novu.\u00a0 \u010c\u00edm v\u00edce na v\u00fdchod se budete nach\u00e1zet, t\u00edm pozd\u011bji \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed za\u010dne a t\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zatm\u011bn\u00ed tak\u00e9 nastane (na v\u00fdchod\u011b Slovenska prob\u011bhne v maximu t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 50procentn\u00ed z\u00e1kryt a \u00fakaz za\u010dne a\u017e okolo 11:17 SEL\u010c). Maximum \u00fakazu prob\u011bhne na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010ceska i Slovenska mezi 12:14-12:27 podle polohy pozorovatele. Konec pak 20-35 minut p\u0159ed 14. hodinou, rovn\u011b\u017e v z\u00e1vislosti na poloze pozorovatele. Slunce po celou dobu \u00fakazu bude zhruba 25\u00b0 vysoko nad JJV-J obzorem.<\/p>\n

N\u00ed\u017ee je uvedena tabulka s\u00a0viditelnost\u00ed \u00fakazu ve vybran\u00fdch \u010desko-slovensk\u00fdch m\u011bstech. Pro podrobnosti o \u00fakazu na v\u00e1mi vybran\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b sta\u010d\u00ed nav\u0161t\u00edvit interaktivn\u00ed mapu Xaviera Jubiera<\/a> a v\u00a0map\u011b si zvolit svou lokalitu. Na pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 se vybavit speci\u00e1ln\u00edm filtrem pro ochranu zraku. Podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed informace o tomto \u00fakazu a dal\u0161\u00edch zatm\u011bn\u00edch Slunce, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1s v\u00a0n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch letech \u010dekaj\u00ed, najdete v\u00a0knize Tajemn\u00e1 zatm\u011bn\u00ed<\/b><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/a>
Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed f\u00e1ze zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce 25. \u0159\u00edjna 2022 ve vybran\u00fdch m\u011bstech v \u010cesku a na Slovensku. Autor: Petr Hor\u00e1lek\/F\u00da v Opav\u011b\/Stellarium\/Astro-Novinky.eu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tabulka: Viditelnost zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce 25. \u0159\u00edjna 2022 z\u00a0\u010ceska a Slovenska.
\n<\/strong>M\u011bsta jsou \u0159azena od z\u00e1padu na v\u00fdchod. \u010casy jsou v\u00a0SEL\u010c.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
M\u011bsto<\/strong><\/td>\nZa\u010d\u00e1tek zatm\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\nSt\u0159ed zatm\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\nKonec zatm\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\nVelikost zatm\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cheb<\/strong><\/td>\n11:11:56<\/td>\n12:14:15<\/td>\n13:17:59<\/td>\n39,0 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Plze\u0148<\/strong><\/td>\n11:12:14<\/td>\n12:15:44<\/td>\n13:20:09<\/td>\n39,8 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Praha<\/strong><\/td>\n11:12:41<\/td>\n12:16:48<\/td>\n13:22:12<\/td>\n41,6 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice<\/strong><\/td>\n11:13:59<\/td>\n12:17:43<\/td>\n13:22:42<\/td>\n40,2 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Liberec<\/strong><\/td>\n11:12:11<\/td>\n12:17:03<\/td>\n13:23:09<\/td>\n43,3 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pardubice<\/strong><\/td>\n11:13:17<\/td>\n12:18:31<\/td>\n13:24:54<\/td>\n43,3 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Brno<\/strong><\/td>\n11:14:36<\/td>\n12:20:15<\/td>\n13:26:58<\/td>\n43,2 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bratislava<\/strong><\/td>\n11:16:05<\/td>\n12:21:49<\/td>\n13:28:34<\/td>\n42,4 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Opava<\/strong><\/td>\n11:14:23<\/td>\n12:21:15<\/td>\n13:29:03<\/td>\n45,8 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tren\u010d\u00edn<\/strong><\/td>\n11:15:38<\/td>\n12:22:22<\/td>\n13:30:00<\/td>\n44,6 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ostrava<\/strong><\/td>\n11:14:42<\/td>\n12:21:49<\/td>\n13:29:50<\/td>\n46,1 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bansk\u00e1 Bystrica<\/strong><\/td>\n11:16:23<\/td>\n12:23:57<\/td>\n13:32:17<\/td>\n45,8 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Rimavsk\u00e1 Sobota<\/strong><\/td>\n11:17:17<\/td>\n12:25:26<\/td>\n13:34:15<\/td>\n46,4 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Poprad<\/strong><\/td>\n11:16:40<\/td>\n12:25:09<\/td>\n13:34:15<\/td>\n47,6 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pre\u0161ov<\/strong><\/td>\n11:17:17<\/td>\n12:26:25<\/td>\n13:36:04<\/td>\n48,7 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ko\u0161ice<\/strong><\/td>\n11:17:40<\/td>\n12:26:44<\/td>\n13:36:21<\/td>\n48,4 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Humenn\u00e9<\/strong><\/td>\n11:17:46<\/td>\n12:27:22<\/td>\n13:37:22<\/td>\n49,5 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Snina<\/strong><\/td>\n11:17:52<\/td>\n12:27:38<\/td>\n13:37:47<\/td>\n49,8 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Interaktivn\u011b: Jak\u00e9 bude po\u010das\u00ed?
\n<\/strong>(origin\u00e1ln\u00ed str\u00e1nka VentuSky.com<\/a>)
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n